Chang Longxue, Liu Zhichao, Ying Xiaoping, Kalandarov Baxtiyor, Ergashev Muhammad, Tong Xiaohong, Zhang Jian, Jin Jian, Ying Jiezheng
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Resources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311401, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Nov 21;13(23):3263. doi: 10.3390/plants13233263.
Lipids are the basic biological molecules in plants, serving as glycerolipids for cell membranes and triacylglycerols as an energy source. Fatty acids are the major components of plant lipids. Both lipids and fatty acids significantly influence rice quality. Recent studies, through genetic analysis, have made significant progress in uncovering the functional mechanisms and regulatory pathways of lipid metabolism including the biological synthesis and degradation of fatty acids, glycerolipids, and triacylglycerols in rice. Meanwhile, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) identified by analyzing the natural variations of the composition and contents of lipids and fatty acids have been integrated and represented on 12 chromosomes. Lipids play multifaceted roles in the growth and development and stress response of rice. Through metabolic engineering and gene-editing technologies, significant advancements have been made in improving the lipid content in rice grains. These studies highlight the understanding the of molecular basis of lipid metabolism and lay a substantial basis for the genetic improvement of rice quality.
脂质是植物中的基本生物分子，作为细胞膜的甘油脂和作为能量来源的三酰甘油。脂肪酸是植物脂质的主要成分。脂质和脂肪酸都对稻米品质有显著影响。最近的研究通过遗传分析，在揭示水稻脂质代谢的功能机制和调控途径方面取得了重大进展，包括脂肪酸、甘油脂和三酰甘油的生物合成与降解。同时，通过分析脂质和脂肪酸组成及含量的自然变异鉴定出的数量性状位点（QTL）已被整合并定位在12条染色体上。脂质在水稻的生长发育和胁迫响应中发挥着多方面的作用。通过代谢工程和基因编辑技术，在提高水稻籽粒脂质含量方面取得了显著进展。这些研究加深了对脂质代谢分子基础的理解，为水稻品质的遗传改良奠定了坚实基础。
