Liu Kangmeng, Hu Yu, Li Yumei, Wang Lei, Jin Liang, Cai Lianfeng, Wu Xiaoxiao, Yang Zhenguo, Li Yan, Wei Dan
College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
Heilongjiang Academy of Black Soil Protection and Utilization, Harbin 150086, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Nov 22;13(23):3284. doi: 10.3390/plants13233284.
Straw returning into the soil is a crucial method for boosting soil carbon levels. To research the influence of straw return practices on soil aggregates and organic matter content within the farmlands of the Northeast Black Soil Region, the objective was to clarify the varying impacts of these practices on soil carbon enhancement. In this study, 89 pertinent papers were acquired through a rigorous literature compilation. Meta-analysis and the linear regression method were employed to analyze the influence of field return methods, their duration on soil water-stable aggregates, and their organic matter content. Furthermore, the study delved into the trends in the variation of aggregates and organic matter in relation to mean annual temperature and precipitation. Our results showed that the straw-returning method has been discovered to predominantly bolster soil organic matter by altering the proportions of macro-aggregate content. Specifically, straw incorporation has led to a notable enhancement in the content of macro-aggregates (57.14%) and micro-aggregates (20.29%), in addition to augmenting the content of macro-, small, and micro-aggregate organic matter by 13.22%, 16.43%, and 15.08%, respectively. The most significant increase in large agglomerates was witnessed in straw return over a period of more than 5 years (115.17%), as well as shallow mixing return (87.32%). Meanwhile, the highest increase in the organic matter content of large agglomerates was recorded in straw return over 5 years (12.60%) and deep mixing return (8.72%). In the field validation experiment, a period of seven years of straw return significantly boosted the macro-aggregate content across various soil layers, ranging from 11.78% to 116.21%. Furthermore, among the various climatic factors, the primary determinants of disparities in study outcomes were the average annual temperature and average annual precipitation. Specifically, lower precipitation and higher temperatures were conducive to the enhancement of macro-aggregate formation and organic matter content.
秸秆还田是提高土壤碳含量的关键方法。为研究秸秆还田措施对东北黑土区农田土壤团聚体和有机质含量的影响，目的是阐明这些措施对土壤碳增强的不同影响。本研究通过严格的文献编纂获取了89篇相关论文。采用Meta分析和线性回归方法分析田间还田方式及其持续时间对土壤水稳性团聚体及其有机质含量的影响。此外，该研究还探讨了团聚体和有机质变化趋势与年平均温度和降水量的关系。我们的结果表明，已发现秸秆还田方法主要通过改变大团聚体含量比例来增强土壤有机质。具体而言，秸秆混入导致大团聚体含量显著提高（57.14%）和微团聚体含量提高（20.29%），此外，大、小和微团聚体有机质含量分别增加了13.22%、16.43%和15.08%。在超过5年的秸秆还田（115.17%）以及浅混还田（87.32%）中，大团聚体增加最为显著。同时，在5年秸秆还田（12.60%）和深混还田（8.72%）中，大团聚体有机质含量增加最高。在田间验证试验中，7年的秸秆还田显著提高了各土层的大团聚体含量，增幅从11.78%到116.21%。此外，在各种气候因素中，研究结果差异的主要决定因素是年平均温度和年平均降水量。具体而言，较低的降水量和较高的温度有利于大团聚体形成和有机质含量的提高。
