Li Shiqi, Ma Jingtai, Wen Jian, Peng Jiewen, Huang Panpan, Zeng Lilian, Chen Siyi, Ji Guiyuan, Yang Xingfen, Wu Wei
NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511400, China.
Nutrients. 2024 Nov 23;16(23):4008. doi: 10.3390/nu16234008.
Over time, there have been significant changes in the dietary patterns of the Chinese population with the emergence of ultra-processed foods (UPFs).
To ascertain the changes in UPFs intake among adults in southern China, over the past two decades, the study included residents aged 18 years and older who participated in the China National Nutrition Surveys in Guangdong province in 2002, 2012, and 2022. Dietary intake data were collected via three-day 24 h dietary recalls and weighing household foods and condiments. The recorded dietary data were classified according to the NOVA classification system, and the percentage of total energy derived from each food group was calculated.
From 2002 to 2022, there was a notable increase in the consumption of UPFs among adults in Guangdong Province, with the percentage of UPFs intake rising from 0.88% to 8.52% (-value < 0.001). This growth was especially pronounced among specific population groups, including the young, the better educated, and those living in highly urbanized areas. The largest increase in energy intake from UPFs was observed among students, from 0.42% to 17.26% (-value < 0.001). The nutrient contents of UPFs in Guangdong in 2022 were found to contain a markedly higher calculated percentage of calories provided by carbohydrates in comparison to minimally processed foods (56.6% vs. 43.8%) as well as in sodium (749 mg/100 kcal vs. 29 mg/100 kcal).
Given the increasing consumption of UPFs and the growing evidence linking these products to chronic diseases, it is important to promote healthy food intake and balanced diets through active nutritional education campaigns to prevent potential health risks that may arise.
随着超加工食品（UPF）的出现，中国人群的饮食模式随时间发生了显著变化。
为确定中国南方成年人过去二十年间超加工食品摄入量的变化，该研究纳入了2002年、2012年和2022年参加广东省中国居民营养与健康状况监测的18岁及以上居民。通过连续三天的24小时膳食回顾以及称量家庭食物和调味品来收集膳食摄入数据。记录的膳食数据根据NOVA分类系统进行分类，并计算每个食物组提供的能量占总能量的百分比。
2002年至2022年期间，广东省成年人对超加工食品的消费量显著增加，超加工食品摄入量的百分比从0.88%上升至8.52%（P值<0.001）。这种增长在特定人群中尤为明显，包括年轻人、受教育程度较高者以及生活在高度城市化地区的人群。学生中超加工食品能量摄入量增长幅度最大，从0.42%增至17.26%（P值<0.001）。研究发现，2022年广东省超加工食品的营养成分中，碳水化合物提供的热量计算百分比明显高于最低加工食品（56.6%对43.8%），钠含量也更高（749毫克/100千卡对29毫克/100千卡）。
鉴于超加工食品消费量不断增加，且越来越多的证据表明这些产品与慢性病有关，通过积极的营养教育活动促进健康饮食摄入和均衡饮食，以预防可能出现的潜在健康风险至关重要。
