Asensio-Grau Andrea, Garriga María, Vicente Saioa, Andrés Ana, Ribes-Koninckx Carmen, Calvo-Lerma Joaquim
ALISOST Research Group, Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Legal Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
NutriCura PDig Joint Research Unit UPV, La Fe Health Research Institute, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
Nutrients. 2024 Nov 27;16(23):4071. doi: 10.3390/nu16234071.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Early life gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in shaping immunity, metabolism, and overall health outcomes. This is relevant in healthy infants but may be even more crucial in infants with chronic devastating diseases, such as cystic fibrosis (CF). While the introduction of solid foods in healthy infants modifies the composition of colonic microbiota, less knowledge is available on those with CF. The aim of this descriptive observational study was to assess the composition of fecal microbiota in six exclusively breast-fed infants with CF, and then explore the changes induced upon the introduction of different foods.
two types of fecal samples were collected from each subject: one during the exclusive-breastfeeding period, and the other after incorporating each new food in the ad libitum diet. The microbiota composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.
Wide heterogenicity in the composition at the phylum level (variable proportions of Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes, and the absence of Bacteroidota in all subjects) was found, and different enterotypes were characterized in each subject by the main presence of one genus: in Subject 1 (relative abundance of 54.4%), in Subject 3 (49.1%), in Subjects 4 and 5 (32.7% and 36.9%, respectively), and in Subject 6 (48.9%). The transition to complementary feeding induced variable changes in microbiota composition, suggesting a subject-specific response and highlighting the importance of inter-individual variation.
Further studies are required to identify which foods contribute to shaping colonic microbiota in the most favorable way for patients with CF using a personalized approach.
背景/目的：生命早期的肠道微生物群在塑造免疫力、新陈代谢和整体健康结果方面起着关键作用。这在健康婴儿中很重要，但在患有慢性严重疾病（如囊性纤维化，CF）的婴儿中可能更为关键。虽然健康婴儿引入固体食物会改变结肠微生物群的组成，但对于患有CF的婴儿了解较少。这项描述性观察性研究的目的是评估6名纯母乳喂养的CF婴儿的粪便微生物群组成，然后探索引入不同食物后引起的变化。
从每个受试者收集两种类型的粪便样本：一种是在纯母乳喂养期间，另一种是在随意饮食中加入每种新食物后。通过16S rRNA扩增子测序分析微生物群组成。
在门水平上发现了组成的广泛异质性（放线菌门、变形菌门和厚壁菌门的比例可变，所有受试者均无拟杆菌门），并且每个受试者以一个属的主要存在为特征表现出不同的肠型：受试者1中为（相对丰度54.4%），受试者3中为（49.1%），受试者4和5中分别为（32.7%和36.9%），受试者6中为（48.9%）。向辅食喂养的转变引起了微生物群组成的可变变化，表明存在个体特异性反应并突出了个体间差异的重要性。
需要进一步研究，以个性化方法确定哪些食物最有利于塑造CF患者的结肠微生物群。
