用于高效害虫治理的纳米杀虫剂：定义、分类、协同机制及安全性评估

Nano-Enabled Insecticides for Efficient Pest Management: Definition, Classification, Synergistic Mechanism, and Safety Assessment.

作者信息

Wei Ying, Chen Jingyi, Dong Min, Yin Meizhen, Shen Jie, Gao Le, Yan Shuo

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.

State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.

出版信息

Nanomaterials (Basel). 2025 Jul 6;15(13):1050. doi: 10.3390/nano15131050.

DOI:10.3390/nano15131050

PMID:40648757

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12250691/

Abstract

The widespread use of pesticides plays a vital role in safeguarding crop yields and ensuring global food security. However, their improper application has led to serious challenges, including environmental pollution, pesticide residues, and increasing insect resistance. Traditional chemical pesticides are no longer sufficient to meet the demands for sustainable modern agriculture. Recent advances in nanotechnology offer innovative strategies for improving pesticide delivery, bioavailability, and selectivity. This review systematically summarizes the current progress in nano-insecticides, including their definitions, classification, preparation techniques, synergistic mechanisms, insecticidal performance, and safety evaluation. In addition, emerging strategies, such as multi-stimuli responsive systems, co-delivery with multiple agents or genetic materials, and integration with biological control, are discussed. Finally, future perspectives are proposed to guide the design/development of intelligent, efficient, and eco-friendly nano-insecticides for sustainable pest management in modern agriculture.

摘要

农药的广泛使用在保障作物产量和确保全球粮食安全方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，其不当施用引发了严峻挑战，包括环境污染、农药残留以及昆虫抗药性增强。传统化学农药已不足以满足可持续现代农业的需求。纳米技术的最新进展为改善农药递送、生物利用度和选择性提供了创新策略。本综述系统总结了纳米杀虫剂的当前进展，包括其定义、分类、制备技术、协同机制、杀虫性能和安全性评价。此外，还讨论了新兴策略，如多刺激响应系统、与多种药剂或遗传物质的共递送以及与生物防治的整合。最后，提出了未来展望，以指导设计/开发用于现代农业可持续害虫治理的智能、高效和环保型纳米杀虫剂。