Wang Changjian, Zhang Hongfei, Wang Xiangdong, Wang Xinyue, Li Xinru, Li Cuiying, Wang Yuefei, Zhang Min
State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
Molecules. 2024 Nov 24;29(23):5547. doi: 10.3390/molecules29235547.
Retz., known for its dried fruit, namely Chebulae Fructus, is a medicinal plant with a long-standing global reputation, which was initially recognized for its therapeutic properties during the Jin Dynasty. This review consolidates current knowledge on the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of Chebulae Fructus, highlighting its clinical significance and the promising therapeutic potential of its compounds. To date, studies have identified approximately 149 compounds within the plant, including tannins, phenolic acids, lignans, triterpenes, flavonoids, and volatiles. These compounds confer a broad spectrum of biological activities in vitro and in vivo, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, neuroprotective, and anti-diabetic, some of which are already integrated into clinical practice. However, despite substantial advancements, considerable gaps remain in understanding the complete mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and safety profiles of its extracts and compounds. This paper advocates for enhanced focus on these areas to fully elucidate the therapeutic capacities and facilitate the clinical application of Chebulae Fructus. This comprehensive analysis not only reinforces the ethnopharmacological significance of Chebulae Fructus but also lays a foundation for future pharmacological explorations.
诃子以其干果（即诃子）闻名，是一种在全球久负盛名的药用植物，最初在晋代就因其治疗特性而被认可。本综述整合了诃子在传统用途、植物化学、药理特性、毒性和药代动力学方面的现有知识，突出了其临床意义及其化合物的潜在治疗前景。迄今为止，研究已在该植物中鉴定出约149种化合物，包括单宁、酚酸、木脂素、三萜、黄酮类化合物和挥发物。这些化合物在体外和体内具有广泛的生物活性，如抗氧化、抗炎、抗病毒、抗癌、抗菌、保肝、保肾、神经保护和抗糖尿病作用，其中一些已应用于临床实践。然而，尽管取得了重大进展，但在理解其提取物和化合物的完整作用机制、药代动力学和安全性方面仍存在相当大的差距。本文主张加强对这些领域的关注，以充分阐明诃子的治疗能力并促进其临床应用。这一全面分析不仅强化了诃子的民族药理学意义，也为未来的药理学探索奠定了基础。
