Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi, PR China.
Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, 710018, Shaanxi, PR China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Dec 5;335:118615. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118615. Epub 2024 Jul 27.
Amomum villosum Lour. is a widely esteemed species of medicinal plant on a global scale. Its medicinal properties have been documented as early as the Tang Dynasty, particularly the fruit, which holds significant medicinal and culinary value. This plant is extensively found in tropical and subtropical regions across Asia. It possesses the properties of warming the middle and dispelling cold, regulating Qi to invigorate the spleen, harmonizing the stomach to alleviate vomiting, and nourishing deficiencies. In recent years, A. villosum has garnered global attention for its remarkable biological activity. Currently, numerous bioactive compounds have been successfully isolated and identified, showcasing a diverse array of pharmacological activities and medicinal benefits.
This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the research advancements in the geographical distribution, botany, traditional applications, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, quality control, clinical applications, and toxicology of A. villosum. Furthermore, a critical summary of the current research and future prospects of this plant is presented.
Obtain information about A. villosum from ancient literature, doctoral and master's theses, and scholarly databases including Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), ScienceDirect, plant directories, and clinical reports.
At present, about 500 compounds have been isolated and identified from various organs of A. villosum, including monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, flavonoids, phenols, polysaccharides, and other components. Modern pharmacological studies have revealed that A. villosum exhibits exceptional biological activities in vitro and in vivo, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, liver protection, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, anti-microbial, regulating gastrointestinal activity, immune regulation, regulating flora, anti-obesity, estrogen, and more. Some of these activities have found extensive application in clinical practice.
A. villosum, as a well-established medicinal herb, holds significant therapeutic potential and is also valued for its culinary applications. Currently, the research on the active components or crude extracts of A. villosum and their potential mechanisms of action remains limited. Furthermore, certain pharmacological activities require further elucidation for a comprehensive understanding of its internal mechanisms. Moreover, it is strongly recommended to prioritize research on pharmacokinetics and toxicity studies. These efforts will facilitate a thorough exploration of the potential of A. villosum and establish a robust foundation for its potential clinical applications.
草果是一种在全球范围内广受推崇的药用植物。其药用价值早在唐代就有记载，特别是果实，具有显著的药用和食用价值。这种植物广泛分布于亚洲的热带和亚热带地区。它具有温中散寒、理气健脾、和胃止呕、滋补虚损的功效。近年来，草果因其显著的生物活性而受到全球关注。目前，已成功分离鉴定出多种生物活性化合物，展示了其多样化的药理活性和药用功效。
本综述旨在全面分析草果的地理分布、植物学、传统应用、植物化学、药理活性、质量控制、临床应用和毒理学研究进展，并对该植物的当前研究和未来前景进行批判性总结。
从古文献、博士和硕士论文以及学术数据库（包括 Google Scholar、Web of Science、PubMed、中国知网（CNKI）、ScienceDirect、植物名录和临床报告）中获取有关草果的信息。
目前，从草果的不同器官中已分离鉴定出约 500 种化合物，包括单萜类、倍半萜类、二萜类、黄酮类、酚类、多糖等成分。现代药理研究表明，草果在体外和体内具有抗炎、抗氧化、保肝、抗肿瘤、降血糖、抗菌、调节胃肠活动、免疫调节、调节菌群、抗肥胖、雌激素等多种生物活性。其中一些活性已在临床实践中得到广泛应用。
草果作为一种成熟的药用植物，具有显著的治疗潜力，同时也因其烹饪应用而受到重视。目前，对草果的活性成分或粗提取物及其潜在作用机制的研究仍然有限。此外，某些药理活性需要进一步阐明，以全面了解其内在机制。此外，强烈建议优先进行药代动力学和毒性研究。这些努力将有助于深入探索草果的潜力，并为其潜在的临床应用奠定坚实的基础。
