Hsu Bo-Yang, Lin Chia-Hui, Kao Tsai-Hua
Department of Food Science, National Ilan University, Yilan County 260, Taiwan.
Department of Food Science, Fu Jen University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.
Molecules. 2024 Nov 30;29(23):5684. doi: 10.3390/molecules29235684.
Goji berry ( L.), also known as wolfberry, is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb widely utilized as a functional food ingredient throughout East Asia. In this study, we developed a rapid high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) method for the simultaneous separation of carotenoids in goji berries. This method successfully separates 17 carotenoids and their esters within 21 min using a Sunrise C30 column, with detection at 450 nm, a flow rate of 1.3 mL/min, and a column temperature of 25 °C. Method validation showed intra-day precision ranging from 0.97% to 6.21% and inter-day precision from 0.99% to 7.01%, demonstrating this method effectively minimizes analysis time while providing high separation efficiency and sensitivity. Goji berries extracted with a mixture of n-hexane/ethanol/acetone (1:1:1, //) and then saponified with a 40% potassium hydroxide methanol solution can completely convert carotenoid esters into free monomer forms. The highest carotenoid content in goji berry was all--zeaxanthin (1721.94 ± 81.01 μg/g), followed by 9- or 9'--zeaxanthin (79.53 ± 3.92 μg/g), 15- or 15'--zeaxanthin (43.71 ± 2.17 μg/g), 9- or 9'--zeaxanthin (36.51 ± 1.81 μg/g), all--β-cryptoxanthin (25.76 ± 1.55 μg/g), all--β-carotene (5.71 ± 0.83 μg/g), and 13- or 13'--β-carotene (0.86 ± 0.13 μg/g).
枸杞（Lycium barbarum L.），又称枸杞子，是一种传统的中药材，在东亚地区被广泛用作功能性食品成分。在本研究中，我们开发了一种快速高效液相色谱 - 二极管阵列检测（HPLC - DAD）方法，用于同时分离枸杞中的类胡萝卜素。该方法使用Sunrise C30色谱柱，在450 nm处检测，流速为1.3 mL/min，柱温为25°C，在21分钟内成功分离出17种类胡萝卜素及其酯类。方法验证表明，日内精密度范围为0.97%至6.21%，日间精密度范围为0.99%至7.01%，这表明该方法在有效缩短分析时间的同时，提供了高分离效率和灵敏度。用正己烷/乙醇/丙酮（1:1:1，v/v/v）混合物提取枸杞，然后用40%氢氧化钾甲醇溶液皂化，可以将类胡萝卜素酯完全转化为游离单体形式。枸杞中类胡萝卜素含量最高的是全反式玉米黄质（1721.94±81.01μg/g），其次是9-或9'-顺式玉米黄质（79.53±3.92μg/g）, 15-或15'-顺式玉米黄质（43.71±2.17μg/g）, 9-或9'-顺式玉米黄质（36.51±1.81μg/g）, 全反式β-隐黄质（25.76±1.55μg/g）, 全反式β-胡萝卜素（5.71±0.83μg/g）, 以及13-或13'-顺式β-胡萝卜素（0.86±0.13μg/g）。
