Ghaffari Zahra, Rahimmalek Mehdi, Sabzalian Mohammad R, Arzani Ahmad, Kiani Razieh, Gharibi Shima, Wróblewska Katarzyna, Szumny Antoni
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Nov 22;25(23):12566. doi: 10.3390/ijms252312566.
This study evaluated the salinity tolerance of five populations of subg. ( and ). The aims of the study were to assess essential oil components, as well as growth and physiological parameters of two species in response to salt stress. Four different levels of salinity (0, 60, 90, and 120 mM NaCl) were applied. The effects of various concentrations of NaCl on essential oil content, composition, growth, water relation, proline, lipid peroxidation (MDA), hydrogen peroxide content, and antioxidant enzyme activity, as well as Na and K contents in leaves and the roots were evaluated. The results revealed that root dry weight loss was higher than that of shoots, indicating root vulnerability due to direct exposure to the salt stress. The lowest and highest oil content was obtained in PATKH (0.6%) at 60 mM and PABAD (0.6%) in 90 mM to 2.16% in PABSM population under 120 mM NaCl. Based on GC-MS analysis, 1,8-cineol (11.64 to 22.02%), camphor (2.67 to 27.14%), bornyl acetate (2.12 to 11.07%), borneol (2.38 to 24.37%), β-caryophyllene (3.24 to 7.58%), α-humulene (2.97 to 7.92%), and δ-3-carene (5.31 to 26.65%) were the most abundant compounds. Based on the principal component analysis (PCA), the most salinity-tolerant populations belonged to species. These populations are characterized by high root stress tolerance index (STI), root elements, and relative water content (RWC) with elevated levels of salinity stress. Finally, the findings might be useful in unraveling the salinity tolerance mechanisms for integrating stress tolerance with medicinal qualities in future studies.
本研究评估了五个亚属（和）种群的耐盐性。该研究的目的是评估两种植物的精油成分以及在盐胁迫下的生长和生理参数。施加了四种不同水平的盐度（0、60、90和120 mM NaCl）。评估了不同浓度的NaCl对精油含量、成分、生长、水分关系、脯氨酸、脂质过氧化（MDA）、过氧化氢含量和抗氧化酶活性以及叶片和根系中Na和K含量的影响。结果表明，根干重损失高于地上部分，表明由于直接暴露于盐胁迫，根更易受影响。在60 mM时，PATKH种群的精油含量最低，为0.6%；在90 mM时，PABAD种群的精油含量为0.6%；在120 mM NaCl条件下，PABSM种群的精油含量最高，为2.16%。基于气相色谱-质谱分析，1,8-桉叶素（11.64%至22.02%）、樟脑（2.67%至27.14%）、乙酸龙脑酯（2.12%至11.07%）、冰片（2.38%至24.37%）、β-石竹烯（3.24%至7.58%）、α-葎草烯（2.97%至7.92%）和δ-3-蒈烯（5.31%至26.65%）是最丰富的化合物。基于主成分分析（PCA），最耐盐的种群属于物种。这些种群的特征是在盐胁迫水平升高时具有较高的根胁迫耐受指数（STI）、根元素和相对含水量（RWC）。最后，这些发现可能有助于在未来的研究中揭示将胁迫耐受性与药用品质相结合的耐盐机制。
