Robles-Rivera Ricardo Raúl, Pacheco-Moisés Fermín Paul, Olvera-Montaño Cecilia, Castellanos-González José Alberto, Barley-Villaseñor Andre Leonardo, Cardona-Muñoz Ernesto Germán, Rodríguez-Carrizalez Adolfo Daniel
Institute of Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico.
Department of Chemistry, University Centre of Exact and Engineering Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Dec 5;25(23):13084. doi: 10.3390/ijms252313084.
DR is a complex complication of DM with multiple biochemical pathways implicated in its genesis and progression. Circulating OS and mitochondrial function biomarkers represent potential candidates in the DR staging system. We conducted a comparative cross-sectional study comparing the OS biomarkers: TAC, GR, NOS, CARB, and hydroperoxydes, as well as mitochondrial function biomarkers: ATP synthase and ATPase activity in healthy volunteers, DM w/o DR, Moderate and Severe NPDR, and PDR. TAC is progressively diminished the more DR progresses to its proliferative stages. GR and NOS may function as biomarkers to differentiate the progression from S NPDR to PDR. CARB may correlate with the progression from M NPDR to S NPDR. Hydroperoxide levels were higher in patients with DR compared to DM w/o DR expressing OS in the early development of DR. ATPase activity is increasingly augmented the more DR progresses and may function as a biomarker that reflects the difference between N PDR and PDR, and ATP synthesis was lower the more DR progressed, being significantly lower compared to DM w/o DR. The behavior of OS and mitochondrial function in several stages of DR may aid in the staging and the prognosis of DR.
糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是糖尿病的一种复杂并发症，其发生和发展涉及多种生化途径。循环氧化应激（OS）和线粒体功能生物标志物是DR分期系统中的潜在指标。我们进行了一项比较横断面研究，比较了健康志愿者、无DR的糖尿病患者、中度和重度非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（NPDR）以及增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（PDR）患者的OS生物标志物：总抗氧化能力（TAC）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、一氧化氮合酶（NOS）、碳yl 蛋白（CARB）和氢过氧化物，以及线粒体功能生物标志物：ATP合酶和ATP酶活性。随着DR进展至增殖期，TAC逐渐降低。GR和NOS可能作为区分从轻度NPDR进展至PDR的生物标志物。CARB可能与从中度NPDR进展至重度NPDR相关。与无DR的糖尿病患者相比，DR患者的氢过氧化物水平在DR早期发生氧化应激时更高。随着DR进展，ATP酶活性逐渐增强，可能作为反映轻度NPDR和PDR差异的生物标志物，且随着DR进展，ATP合成降低，与无DR的糖尿病患者相比显著降低。DR几个阶段中OS和线粒体功能的表现可能有助于DR的分期和预后评估。
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