Pereira-Payo Damián, Denche-Zamorano Ángel, Mendoza-Muñoz María, Pastor-Cisneros Raquel
Health, Economy, Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Nov 23;12(23):2345. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12232345.
Diabetic eye disease is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. This complication has some direct impact on an individual's well-being and health. Some lifestyle habits have been associated with the incidence of these co-morbidities.
To classify the diabetic population into sufferers or non-sufferers of diabetes eye disease according to lifestyle and demographic variables, and to identify which of these variables are significant for this classification.
The present cross-sectional study based on the NHANES 2011-2020 used the Classification and Regression Tree (CRT) analysis for classifying the diabetic population into sufferers and non-sufferers of diabetes eye disease. The odds ratio (OR) and relative risks (RR) of suffering this diabetes complication of the subgroups formed by the model were studied. The final sample formed 2657 individuals (1537 males and 1120 females).
A 79.4% accuracy was found for the CRT model. The independent variables of sleep hours (100.0%), physical activity (PA) group (92.8%), gender (76.2%), age (46.4%), education level (38.4%), sedentary time (38.1%), and diet (10.0%) were found to be significant for the classification of cases. The variable high alcohol consumption was not found significant. The analysis of the OR and RR of the subgroups formed by the model evidenced greater odds of suffering diabetes eye disease for diabetes sufferers from the inactive and walk/bicycle PA group compared to those from the Low, Moderate, and High PA groups (OR: 1.48 and RR: 1.36), for males compared to females (OR: 1.77 and RR: 1.61), for those sleeping less than 6 h or more than 9 compared to those who sleep between 6 and 8 h (OR: 1.61 and RR: 1.43), and for diabetes sufferers aged over 62 compared to younger ones (OR: 1.53 and RR: 1.40).
sleep hours, PA group, gender, age, education level, sedentary time, and diet are significant variables for classifying the diabetic population into sufferers and non-sufferers of diabetes eye disease. Additionally, being in the inactive or walk/bicycle PA group, being a male, sleeping less than 6 or more than 9 h, and being aged over 62 were identified as risk factors for suffering this diabetes complication.
糖尿病眼病是糖尿病最常见的微血管并发症。这种并发症对个人的幸福和健康有直接影响。一些生活方式习惯与这些合并症的发生率有关。
根据生活方式和人口统计学变量将糖尿病患者分为糖尿病眼病患者或非患者，并确定哪些变量对这种分类具有重要意义。
本横断面研究基于2011 - 2020年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES），使用分类回归树（CRT）分析将糖尿病患者分为糖尿病眼病患者和非患者。研究了模型形成的亚组患这种糖尿病并发症的优势比（OR）和相对风险（RR）。最终样本包括2657人（1537名男性和1120名女性）。
CRT模型的准确率为79.4%。发现睡眠时间（100.0%）、身体活动（PA）组（92.8%）、性别（76.2%）、年龄（46.4%）、教育水平（38.4%）、久坐时间（38.1%）和饮食（10.0%）等自变量对病例分类具有重要意义。高酒精摄入量这一变量未被发现具有重要意义。对模型形成的亚组的OR和RR分析表明，与低、中、高PA组的糖尿病患者相比，不活动和步行/骑自行车PA组的糖尿病患者患糖尿病眼病的几率更高（OR：1.48，RR：1.36）；男性比女性更高（OR：1.77，RR：1.61）；睡眠少于6小时或多于9小时的人比睡眠在6至8小时之间的人更高（OR：1.61，RR：1.43）；62岁以上的糖尿病患者比年轻患者更高（OR：1.53，RR：1.40）。
睡眠时间、PA组、性别、年龄、教育水平、久坐时间和饮食是将糖尿病患者分为糖尿病眼病患者和非患者的重要变量。此外，处于不活动或步行/骑自行车PA组、男性、睡眠少于6小时或多于9小时以及年龄超过62岁被确定为患这种糖尿病并发症的风险因素。
