Li Ping, Zhang Zichen, Gu Jiming
School of Management Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, China.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Nov 22;17(23):5727. doi: 10.3390/ma17235727.
Strength testing of concrete mainly relies on physical experiments, which are not only time-consuming but also costly. To solve this problem, machine learning has proven to be a promising technological tool in concrete strength prediction. In order to improve the accuracy of the model in predicting the compressive strength of concrete, this paper chooses to optimize the base learner of the ensemble learning model. The position update formula in the search phase of the sparrow search algorithm (SSA) is improved, and piecewise chaotic mapping and adaptive t-distribution variation are added, which enhances the diversity of the population and improves the algorithm's global search and convergence abilities. Subsequently, the effectiveness of the improvement strategy was demonstrated by comparing improved sparrow search algorithm (ISSA) with some commonly used intelligent optimization algorithms on 10 test functions. A back propagation neural network (BPNN) optimized with ISSA was used as the base learner, and the adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) algorithm was used to train and integrate multiple base learners, thus establishing an adaptive boosting algorithm based on back propagation neural network improved by the improved sparrow search algorithm (ISSA-BPNN-AdaBoost) concrete compressive strength prediction model. Then comparison experiments were conducted with other ensemble models and single models on two strength prediction datasets. The experimental results show that the ISSA-BPNN-AdaBoost model exhibits excellent results on both datasets and can accurately perform the prediction of concrete compressive strength, demonstrating the superiority of ensemble learning in predicting concrete compressive strength.
混凝土强度测试主要依赖于物理实验,这些实验不仅耗时而且成本高昂。为了解决这个问题,机器学习已被证明是混凝土强度预测中一种很有前景的技术工具。为了提高模型预测混凝土抗压强度的准确性,本文选择优化集成学习模型的基础学习器。改进了麻雀搜索算法(SSA)搜索阶段的位置更新公式,并添加了分段混沌映射和自适应t分布变异,增强了种群多样性,提高了算法的全局搜索和收敛能力。随后,通过将改进的麻雀搜索算法(ISSA)与一些常用的智能优化算法在10个测试函数上进行比较,验证了改进策略的有效性。将用ISSA优化的反向传播神经网络(BPNN)作为基础学习器,并使用自适应增强(AdaBoost)算法训练和集成多个基础学习器,从而建立了基于改进的麻雀搜索算法(ISSA)改进的反向传播神经网络的自适应增强算法(ISSA-BPNN-AdaBoost)混凝土抗压强度预测模型。然后在两个强度预测数据集上与其他集成模型和单一模型进行了对比实验。实验结果表明,ISSA-BPNN-AdaBoost模型在两个数据集上均表现出优异的结果,能够准确地进行混凝土抗压强度预测,证明了集成学习在预测混凝土抗压强度方面的优越性。