Mavrogeni Panayiota, Molnár András, Molnár Viktória, Tamás László, Maihoub Stefani
Tóth Ilona Health Service Clinical Medical Institute, H-1212 Budapest, Hungary.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Semmelweis University, Szigony u. 36, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary.
J Clin Med. 2024 Nov 29;13(23):7261. doi: 10.3390/jcm13237261.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between tinnitus pitch and loudness, the frequency of hearing loss, hearing level, and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) scores reported by patients. In total, 139 patients (50 men and 89 women; mean age ± SD, 60.19 ± 11.47 years) who suffered from chronic primary tinnitus associated with sensorineural hearing loss were included in the study. Participants underwent pure-tone audiometry and tinnitus pitch matching assessments. Additionally, all participants completed the Hungarian version of the THI questionnaire. Correlations were assessed using simple linear, Spearman's, and Pearson's correlation tests, and a linear regression model was applied. The Mann-Whitney test was also used. This study identified a significant correlation between the pitch of tinnitus and the frequency of hearing loss ( = 0.000 *; rho = 0.549). There was also a significant correlation between tinnitus noise and hearing levels ( = 0.000 *; rho = 0.375). Age was shown to significantly affect tinnitus loudness ( = 0.016 *) and hearing levels ( = 0.000 *) as determined by a linear regression model. Tinnitus duration only significantly influenced tinnitus loudness ( = 0.022). There was no significant effect of sex on tinnitus or audiometry parameters. Total THI scores were influenced solely by tinnitus loudness ( = 0.021 *). Furthermore, sex did have an effect on total THI scores, with women reporting higher scores ( = 0.000 *). This study concluded that there is a significant correlation between the pitch and loudness of tinnitus and hearing levels, suggesting a connection in their underlying mechanisms. The intensity of tinnitus and hearing level are primarily affected by ageing processes. Furthermore, the severity of self-perceived tinnitus is mainly related to the loudness of tinnitus.
本研究的目的是调查耳鸣音高与响度、听力损失频率、听力水平以及患者报告的耳鸣障碍量表（THI）得分之间的关系。本研究共纳入了139例患有与感音神经性听力损失相关的慢性原发性耳鸣的患者（50例男性和89例女性；平均年龄±标准差，60.19±11.47岁）。参与者接受了纯音听力测定和耳鸣音高匹配评估。此外，所有参与者都完成了匈牙利语版的THI问卷。使用简单线性、Spearman和Pearson相关检验评估相关性，并应用线性回归模型。还使用了Mann-Whitney检验。本研究发现耳鸣音高与听力损失频率之间存在显著相关性（P = 0.000*；rho = 0.549）。耳鸣噪声与听力水平之间也存在显著相关性（P = 0.000*；rho = 0.375）。线性回归模型显示年龄对耳鸣响度（P = 0.016*）和听力水平（P = 0.000*）有显著影响。耳鸣持续时间仅对耳鸣响度有显著影响（P = 0.022）。性别对耳鸣或听力测定参数没有显著影响。THI总分仅受耳鸣响度影响（P = 0.021*）。此外，性别对THI总分有影响，女性报告的得分更高（P = 0.000*）。本研究得出结论，耳鸣的音高和响度与听力水平之间存在显著相关性，表明它们的潜在机制存在联系。耳鸣强度和听力水平主要受衰老过程影响。此外，自我感知的耳鸣严重程度主要与耳鸣响度有关。
