Zdzieblik Denise, Waldvogel Tobias, Zierke Anna, Gollhofer Albert, König Daniel
Department for Nutrition, Institute for Sports and Sports Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Centre for Sports Science and University Sports, Department for Nutrition, Exercise and Health, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Nutr Metab Insights. 2024 Dec 15;17:11786388241299896. doi: 10.1177/11786388241299896. eCollection 2024.
Although a palaeolithic diet promotes healthier food choices that aid in weight management and reduce cardiovascular risks, its effectiveness in endurance sports is still debated due to its typically low carbohydrate content.
This study examined the impact of a 6-week palaeolithic diet (PD-G) versus a mixed diet (MD-G), both paired with Sprint interval training (SIT), on various metabolic and performance-related parameters.
Body composition, time trial (TT) performance (covered distance during a 60-minute run on a 400-metre track) and changes in metabolic (respiratory exchange ratio [RER], substrate oxidation rates) and performance-related (time at ventilatory threshold [VT] and respiratory compensation point [RCP], maximum oxygen uptake (V̇O) and time to exhaustion [TTE]) parameters during a ramp incremental running test were assessed in 14 male endurance athletes. Additionally, Gastrointestinal Quality of Life index (GLQI) and perceptual responses to the diets [visual analogue scale (VAS)] were measured.
After 6 weeks, both groups improved in TTE and distance covered in the 60-minute TT, without significant group differences. In the PD-G body weight, fat mass and systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased. At rest, RER and carbohydrate oxidation significantly decreased in the PD-G, with a tendency towards significance during exercise, while changes in fat oxidation rates were not statistically significant at rest and throughout the exercise test; in contrast, the MD-G exhibited smaller changes across these parameters.
In this investigation, a palaeolithic diet in combination with SIT appeared to have positive effects on fat mass, blood pressure and substrate utilization under resting conditions in a group of male endurance athletes. However, based on the current findings for performance metrics, a palaeolithic diet cannot be recommended unreservedly for healthy endurance athletes.
尽管旧石器时代饮食能促进更健康的食物选择，有助于体重管理并降低心血管疾病风险，但其在耐力运动中的有效性仍存在争议，因为其碳水化合物含量通常较低。
本研究探讨了为期6周的旧石器时代饮食（PD-G）与混合饮食（MD-G），两者均结合短跑间歇训练（SIT），对各种代谢和与运动表现相关参数的影响。
对14名男性耐力运动员评估了身体成分、计时赛（TT）表现（在400米跑道上60分钟跑步所覆盖的距离）以及在递增式跑步测试期间代谢（呼吸交换率[RER]、底物氧化率）和与运动表现相关（通气阈值[VT]和呼吸补偿点[RCP]时的时间、最大摄氧量（V̇O）和力竭时间[TTE]）参数的变化。此外，还测量了胃肠道生活质量指数（GLQI）和对饮食的感知反应[视觉模拟量表（VAS）]。
6周后，两组的力竭时间和60分钟计时赛所覆盖的距离均有所改善，组间无显著差异。在PD-G组中，体重、脂肪量以及收缩压和舒张压均下降。在静息状态下，PD-G组的RER和碳水化合物氧化显著降低，运动期间有显著趋势，而脂肪氧化率在静息状态和整个运动测试期间的变化无统计学意义；相比之下，MD-G组在这些参数上的变化较小。
在本研究中，旧石器时代饮食结合SIT似乎对一组男性耐力运动员在静息状态下的脂肪量、血压和底物利用有积极影响。然而，基于目前运动表现指标的研究结果，不能毫无保留地向健康的耐力运动员推荐旧石器时代饮食。
Zotero 插件
