Herrmann Sebastian, Graefe Stephanie, Christopeit Maximilian, Sonnemann Piet, Hattenhauer Tessa, Mispelbaum Rebekka, Monin Malte B, Orth Hans Martin, Flasshove Charlotte, Gruell Henning, Klein Florian, Klein Uwe, Lehmann Clara, Naendrup Jan-Hendrik, Stemler Jannik, Salmanton-Garcia Jon, Markus Theresa, Cornely Oliver A, Mellinghoff Sibylle C
Department I of Internal Medicine, European Diamond Excellence Centre for Medical Mycology (ECMM), Centre for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf, (ABCD), Aachen, Cologne, Germany.
Department of Oncology, Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, II, Germany.
Infection. 2025 Aug;53(4):1341-1350. doi: 10.1007/s15010-024-02449-w. Epub 2024 Dec 17.
This study aims to evaluate the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in patients with haematological diseases. It seeks to analyse the relevance of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of RSV infections.
A multi-centre, retrospective study was conducted across University Hospitals in Cologne, Düsseldorf, Bonn, and the University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf between Jan 2016 and Aug 2023. All haematological patients with diagnosed RSV infection were included. The study focused on the incidence of RSV, underlying conditions, comorbidities, coinfections and clinical outcomes such as hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality.
Of 166 patients, 89 (53.6%) had signs of pneumonia and 37 (22.3%) were admitted to ICU due to RSV infection, while 20 (54%) of those were mechanically ventilated with median duration of 11 days (1,33; IQR:18). Mean age was 60 years (range 14-88). Sixteen patients (9.6%) were treated as outpatients, while 52 (31.3%) were hospitalized due to RSV infection; the median hospital stay was 16 days (IQR 25.25, range 0-97). 79 (47.6%) of patients presented with leukopenia and 57 (34.3%) with neutropenia. In total, 22 patients (13.3%) died within 30 days and 29 (17.5%) died within 90 days. Highest mortality rates were seen in patients with aggressive lymphoma (23.5%) and acute leukaemia (18%).
RSV significantly impacts patients with haematological diseases, leading to high rates of hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality. Preventive measures, such as vaccination, alongside early diagnosis and individualized management, are essential to reduce RSV-associated morbidity and mortality in this high-risk population.
本研究旨在评估血液系统疾病患者呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染的负担。它试图分析RSV感染的预防、诊断和治疗的相关性。
2016年1月至2023年8月期间，在科隆、杜塞尔多夫、波恩的大学医院以及汉堡-埃彭多夫大学医学中心开展了一项多中心回顾性研究。纳入所有确诊RSV感染的血液系统疾病患者。该研究重点关注RSV的发病率、基础疾病、合并症、混合感染以及诸如住院、重症监护病房（ICU）收治和死亡率等临床结局。
166例患者中，89例（53.6%）有肺炎体征，37例（22.3%）因RSV感染入住ICU，其中20例（54%）接受机械通气，中位持续时间为11天（1，33；四分位间距：18）。平均年龄为60岁（范围14 - 88岁）。16例患者（9.6%）接受门诊治疗，52例（31.3%）因RSV感染住院；中位住院时间为16天（四分位间距25.25，范围0 - 97）。79例患者（47.6%）出现白细胞减少，57例（34.3%）出现中性粒细胞减少。共有22例患者（13.3%）在30天内死亡，29例（17.5%）在90天内死亡。侵袭性淋巴瘤患者（23.5%）和急性白血病患者（18%）的死亡率最高。
RSV对血液系统疾病患者有显著影响，导致高住院率、ICU收治率和死亡率。诸如接种疫苗等预防措施，以及早期诊断和个体化管理，对于降低这一高危人群中与RSV相关的发病率和死亡率至关重要。
