Yin Bohan, Chen Jiareng, Xiang Guangli, Xu Zehui, Yang Mo, Wong Siu Hong Dexter
Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2025 Mar 1;271:117066. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.117066. Epub 2024 Dec 14.
Biosensors play a critical role in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diseases, with diverse applications ranging from molecular diagnostics to in vivo imaging. Conventional fluorescence-based biosensors, however, often suffer from aggregation-caused emission quenching (ACQ), limiting their effectiveness in high concentrations and complex environments. In contrast, the phenomenon of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) has emerged as a promising alternative, where luminescent materials exhibit strong emission in the aggregated state with good photostability, biocompatibility, large Stokes shift, high quantum yield, and tunable emission. This review article discusses the development of AIEgen-based biosensors for multiscale biosensing in biomedical applications. The integration of AIEgens with nanomaterials, such as graphene oxide and stimuli-responsive nanomaterials, can further improve the selectivity and multifunctionality of biomolecule detection. By careful molecular design, the affinity between AIEgens and specific biomolecules can be tuned, enabling the selective detection of targets like DNA, RNA, and proteins ex vivo, in vitro and in vivo, which can be applied across multiple scales, from detecting biomolecules and cellular structures to analyzing tissues and organs, underscoring their growing importance in disease diagnosis. Furthermore, we explore the potential integration of AIEgen-based biosensors with artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, offering promising avenues for future advancements in this field.
生物传感器在疾病的诊断、治疗和预后中发挥着关键作用，其应用广泛，涵盖从分子诊断到体内成像等多个领域。然而，传统的基于荧光的生物传感器常常受到聚集诱导猝灭（ACQ）的影响，限制了它们在高浓度和复杂环境中的有效性。相比之下，聚集诱导发光（AIE）现象已成为一种有前景的替代方案，其中发光材料在聚集状态下表现出强烈的发光，具有良好的光稳定性、生物相容性、大斯托克斯位移、高量子产率和可调谐发射。这篇综述文章讨论了基于聚集诱导发光体（AIEgen）的生物传感器在生物医学应用中的多尺度生物传感方面的发展。将AIEgen与纳米材料（如氧化石墨烯和刺激响应纳米材料）相结合，可以进一步提高生物分子检测的选择性和多功能性。通过精心的分子设计，可以调节AIEgen与特定生物分子之间的亲和力，从而能够在体外、体内和离体条件下选择性地检测DNA、RNA和蛋白质等靶标，这些检测可以应用于多个尺度，从检测生物分子和细胞结构到分析组织和器官，凸显了它们在疾病诊断中日益重要的地位。此外，我们还探讨了基于AIEgen的生物传感器与人工智能（AI）技术潜在的整合，为该领域未来的发展提供了有前景的途径。
