Phototheranostics: An advanced approach for precise diagnosis and treatment of gynecological inflammation and tumors.

Gynecological inflammations have a significant impact on the daily lives of women. Meanwhile, cancers such as ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers pose severe threats to their physical and mental well-being. While current options such as conventional pharmacotherapy, surgical interventions, and recent advancements in immunotherapy and targeted therapy provide viable solutions, they possess limitations in effectively addressing the intricacies associated with gynecological diseases. These complexities include post-surgical complications, early cancer detection, and drug resistance. The management of these challenges, however, requires the implementation of innovative treatment modalities. Phototheranostics has emerged as a promising approach to effectively address these challenges. It not only treats inflammation and tumors efficiently but also aids in disease imaging and diagnosis. The distinguishing features of phototheranostics lie in their non-invasive nature, minimal risk of drug resistance, and precise targeting capabilities through the use of photosensitizers or photothermal agents. These distinctive features underscore its potential to revolutionize early diagnosis and treatment of gynecological conditions. This review aims to summarize the application of phototheranostics in managing gynecological inflammation and tumors while highlighting its significant potential for early disease detection and treatment.