Moharra M, Llupià A, Bayés B, Almazán C, Busby A, Herdman M
Departament de Salut de Catalunya, Agència de Qualitat i Avaluació Sanitàries de Catalunya (AQuAS), Barcelona, Spain.
CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
BMC Nephrol. 2024 Dec 18;25(1):462. doi: 10.1186/s12882-024-03909-z.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition affecting more than 800 million individuals worldwide. Patient Reported Experience Measures (PREMs) are questionnaires aimed at evaluating patients' experiences with healthcare received. Given that CKD management often involves continuous treatments, capturing patient experiences can guide improvements in care that align with patients' preferences, making PREMS a relevant tool in CKD management. The Kidney PREM questionnaire was developed in the United Kingdom to measure patient experience across entire service provisions in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to adapt the English version to Spanish and Catalan and assess the face validity of the new language versions.
The translation process was guided by the International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcome Research (ISPOR) Principles of Good Practice for the Translation and Cultural Adaptation of Patient‑Reported Outcomes Measures and included forward and back translation, cognitive debriefing, and harmonisation between the Spanish and Catalan versions. Face validity was assessed in a sample of Spanish- and Catalan-speaking health professionals.
In the cognitive debriefing, 9 patients with CKD (4 in Catalan and 5 in Spanish) participated. Fourteen healthcare professionals (2 nurses and 12 nephrologists) assessed the face validity of the Catalan and Spanish versions. Overall, the language used in the original version of the questionnaire did not cause substantial problems for translation into Catalan or Spanish. Patients generally found the questionnaire to be relevant and relatively easy to complete but reported some difficulties with questionnaire design, including the use of 'skip' questions. Clinicians and nurses highly rated the questionnaire in terms of relevance (mean score of 8.7 on a 0-10 scale) and acceptability, indicating good face validity, but considered some elements to be lacking, such as the absence of an open-ended question or any queries regarding lifestyle.
It was feasible to produce culturally adapted Spanish and Catalan versions of the Kidney PREM questionnaire, and they showed acceptable face validity. They will be useful tools for furthering research and clinical practice in CKD patients in Spain.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）是一种渐进性疾病，全球有超过8亿人受其影响。患者报告体验测量（PREMs）是旨在评估患者接受医疗保健体验的问卷。鉴于CKD管理通常涉及持续治疗，获取患者体验可以指导根据患者偏好改进护理，使PREMs成为CKD管理中的一个相关工具。肾脏PREM问卷是在英国开发的，用于测量慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者在整个服务提供过程中的体验。本研究旨在将英文版改编为西班牙语和加泰罗尼亚语版本，并评估新语言版本的表面效度。
翻译过程以国际药物经济学与结果研究协会（ISPOR）患者报告结局测量的翻译和文化适应良好实践原则为指导，包括正向和反向翻译、认知反馈以及西班牙语和加泰罗尼亚语版本之间的协调。在讲西班牙语和加泰罗尼亚语的卫生专业人员样本中评估表面效度。
在认知反馈中，9名CKD患者（4名讲加泰罗尼亚语，5名讲西班牙语）参与。14名医疗保健专业人员（2名护士和12名肾病学家）评估了加泰罗尼亚语和西班牙语版本的表面效度。总体而言，问卷原始版本中使用的语言在翻译成加泰罗尼亚语或西班牙语时没有造成重大问题。患者普遍认为问卷相关且相对容易完成，但报告了问卷设计方面的一些困难，包括使用“跳答”问题。临床医生和护士对问卷的相关性（0至10分制的平均得分为8.7）和可接受性给予了高度评价，表明表面效度良好，但认为缺少一些要素，如没有开放式问题或关于生活方式的任何询问。
制作经过文化适应的西班牙语和加泰罗尼亚语版本的肾脏PREM问卷是可行的，并且它们显示出可接受的表面效度。它们将成为推进西班牙CKD患者研究和临床实践的有用工具。
