Vega-Dienstmaier Johann M, Samalvides Frine, Alarcón Renato D
M.D., Psychiatrist, Master in Clinical Epidemiology, Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
M.D., Infectologist, Master in Clinical Epidemiology, Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Rev Colomb Psiquiatr (Engl Ed). 2024 Oct-Dec;53(4):505-516. doi: 10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.12.005.
Knowledge of the symptomatological structure of mental disorders is relevant for their understanding and classification. In the absence of previous Latin American research on the simultaneous structural exploration of various types of psychiatric symptomatologies, the objective of this study is to examine the structure of anxious and mood-related symptoms, resulting syndromes, and their correlations.
Several instruments for the evaluation of anxious, depressive, and manic symptoms were administered to 305 psychiatric outpatients. Using factor analysis and network graphs based on polychoric correlations between the symptoms, their clustering patterns (syndromes) were explored. Further, correlations between the scores of each resulting syndrome were performed.
The symptom grouping process led to a total of fifteen generally overlapping syndromes: fear of evaluation, fear of people, agoraphobia, general anxiety, somatization, anergy, depressive core, lack of positive mood, cognitive difficulties, mania, post-traumatic stress/obsessions, fear of madness/loss of control, acrophobia, irritability, and sleep disturbances. General anxiety was at the center of the structure. Morning/matinal pole, hypersomnia, and increased appetite were relatively isolated symptoms.
Overlapping and/or highly correlated psychiatric syndromes were prominent findings, underlining the pertinence of a dimensional approach as a substantial strategy toward a more inclusive understanding of mental disorders.
了解精神障碍的症状结构对于理解和分类这些障碍至关重要。鉴于此前拉丁美洲缺乏对各类精神症状同时进行结构探索的研究，本研究旨在考察焦虑和情绪相关症状的结构、由此产生的综合征及其相关性。
对305名精神科门诊患者使用了多种评估焦虑、抑郁和躁狂症状的工具。通过因子分析和基于症状间多相关的网络图，探索症状的聚类模式（综合征）。此外，还对每个产生的综合征得分之间进行了相关性分析。
症状分组过程共产生了15种总体上相互重叠的综合征：评估恐惧、人群恐惧、广场恐惧症、广泛性焦虑、躯体化、无力感、抑郁核心、缺乏积极情绪、认知困难、躁狂、创伤后应激/强迫观念、对疯狂/失控的恐惧、恐高症、易怒和睡眠障碍。广泛性焦虑处于结构的中心位置。晨型/早晨极点、嗜睡和食欲增加是相对孤立的症状。
重叠和/或高度相关的精神综合征是突出的发现，强调了维度方法作为一种更全面理解精神障碍的重要策略的相关性。
