Yang Xianjie, Li Shifei, Chen Anqi, Wang Huan, Deng Sisi, Ni Bing, Song Zhiqiang, Chen Qiquan
Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Department of Pathophysiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Front Immunol. 2024 Dec 5;15:1458839. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1458839. eCollection 2024.
Chronic urticaria (CU) is not traditionally classified as an allergic disease, but emerging evidence suggests a link to atopy. The quintessential marker of atopy is IgE sensitization, there is scarce information on the IgE sensitization characteristics of CU.
To investigate IgE sensitization characteristics in CU, and compare them with classic allergic diseases. We retrospectively analyzed the results of specific IgE (sIgE) and total IgE (tIgE) in CU patients, explored the distribution patterns of these atopic markers in CU, and compared these data with those of atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma (AS), and healthy controls (HC).
1149 patients (396 CU, 411 AD, 101 AR, 139 AS and 102 HC) were included in the study. 33.1% of CU patients showed positive sIgE and 49.0 % had elevated tIgE levels, significantly higher than those in HC. Comparative analysis with classic allergic diseases showed CU patients had a lower sIgE positivity rate but no significant difference in tIgE levels. Gender and age influenced sensitization profiles, with male CU patients showing a higher sIgE positivity rate. The distribution of sIgE levels, allergen categories, and tIgE elevated levels range in CU differed from classic allergic disease. The concordance rate between sIgE and tIgE results in CU was lower than in classic allergic disease.
Our study reveals that a significant proportion of CU patients display IgE sensitization, suggesting a clear atopic background compared to the general population. However, the IgE sensitization profile in CU differs from that of classical allergic diseases such as AD, AR, and AS, characterized by relatively lower intensity of IgE sensitization. The underlying reasons for this phenomenon and its clinical implications in CU warrant further research.
慢性荨麻疹（CU）传统上并不被归类为过敏性疾病，但新出现的证据表明其与特应性有关。特应性的典型标志物是IgE致敏，关于CU的IgE致敏特征的信息很少。
为了研究CU中的IgE致敏特征，并将其与经典过敏性疾病进行比较。我们回顾性分析了CU患者的特异性IgE（sIgE）和总IgE（tIgE）结果，探讨了这些特应性标志物在CU中的分布模式，并将这些数据与特应性皮炎（AD）、过敏性鼻炎（AR）、哮喘（AS）和健康对照（HC）的数据进行了比较。
1149例患者（396例CU、411例AD、101例AR、139例AS和102例HC）纳入研究。33.1%的CU患者sIgE呈阳性，49.0%的患者tIgE水平升高，显著高于HC。与经典过敏性疾病的比较分析显示，CU患者的sIgE阳性率较低，但tIgE水平无显著差异。性别和年龄影响致敏谱，男性CU患者的sIgE阳性率较高。CU中sIgE水平、过敏原类别和tIgE升高水平范围的分布与经典过敏性疾病不同。CU中sIgE和tIgE结果之间的一致性率低于经典过敏性疾病。
我们的研究表明，相当一部分CU患者表现出IgE致敏，与普通人群相比表明有明显的特应性背景。然而，CU中的IgE致敏谱与AD、AR和AS等经典过敏性疾病不同，其特征是IgE致敏强度相对较低。这种现象的潜在原因及其在CU中的临床意义值得进一步研究。
