Abid Sheikh Kamran, Sulaiman Noralfishah, Al-Wathinani Ahmed M, Goniewicz Krzysztof
Faculty of Technology Management and Business (FPTP), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia.
Department of Emergency Medical Services, Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz College for Emergency Medical Services, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
J Glob Health. 2024 Dec 20;14:04290. doi: 10.7189/jogh.14.04290.
Flooding is a frequent and devastating hazard in Malaysia, exacerbated by the country's tropical climate and rapid urbanisation. Traditional flood management strategies, predominantly focused on engineering solutions, have proven inadequate in addressing evolving flood risks. Community-based flood mitigation (CBFM) has emerged as an alternative approach, leveraging local knowledge and public participation to enhance flood resilience. This study aims to evaluate the role of CBFM in Malaysia, focusing on the effectiveness of public involvement and policy implementation in flood risk management.
We conducted 20 in-depth interviews with stakeholders, including government officials, community members, and representatives of non-governmental organisations (NGOs), using a qualitative methodology. The data were analysed using thematic analysis to identify key themes surrounding public participation, policy challenges, and successful community-led flood mitigation initiatives.
The findings highlight the critical role of public involvement in improving flood preparedness and resilience. Communities that actively participated in mitigation efforts, such as early warning systems and nature-based solutions, demonstrated enhanced resilience. However, significant challenges remain, including inadequate funding, outdated infrastructure, and bureaucratic delays. Public awareness and education on flood preparedness, especially in rural areas, were found to be insufficient, hindering the effectiveness of flood management strategies.
The study concludes that while CBFM initiatives in Malaysia show promise, their success depends on stronger policy enforcement, increased public engagement, and sustained investments in both green and grey infrastructure. Greater collaboration between local communities, NGOs, and government agencies is essential for improving flood risk management and building long-term resilience, particularly in the face of increasing climate-driven disasters.
洪水是马来西亚常见且具有毁灭性的灾害，该国的热带气候和快速城市化加剧了这一情况。传统的洪水管理策略主要侧重于工程解决方案，但已证明在应对不断演变的洪水风险方面并不充分。基于社区的洪水缓解（CBFM）已成为一种替代方法，利用当地知识和公众参与来增强洪水抵御能力。本研究旨在评估CBFM在马来西亚的作用，重点关注公众参与和政策实施在洪水风险管理中的有效性。
我们采用定性方法，对包括政府官员、社区成员和非政府组织（NGO）代表在内的利益相关者进行了20次深入访谈。使用主题分析对数据进行分析，以确定围绕公众参与、政策挑战和成功的社区主导洪水缓解举措的关键主题。
研究结果凸显了公众参与在提高洪水准备和抵御能力方面的关键作用。积极参与缓解努力的社区，如预警系统和基于自然的解决方案，展现出更强的抵御能力。然而，重大挑战依然存在，包括资金不足、基础设施陈旧和官僚主义延误。发现公众对洪水准备的认识和教育，特别是在农村地区，不足，这阻碍了洪水管理策略的有效性。
该研究得出结论，虽然马来西亚的CBFM举措显示出前景，但其成功取决于更强有力的政策执行、更多的公众参与以及对绿色和灰色基础设施的持续投资。当地社区、非政府组织和政府机构之间加强合作对于改善洪水风险管理和建立长期抵御能力至关重要，特别是面对日益增加的气候驱动灾害。
