Zafar Roheena, Rehman Inayat Ur, Shah Yasar, Ming Long Chiau, Hadi Muhammad Abdul, Suleiman Amal K, Goh Khang Wen
Department of Pharmacy, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan.
Department of Pharmacy, North West General Hospital and Research Center, Phase 5, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Dec 20;103(51):e41004. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000041004.
Pharmacists, as an integral part of the healthcare team, can play a crucial role in preventing drug-related problems in patients with chronic kidney disease that arise due to inappropriate doses. This study aimed to develop and validate a new tool, the renal dosing questionnaire (RDQ-13), for pharmacists working across hospital, community, and retail pharmacy settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2023 among pharmacists working in different settings. The RDQ-13 scale consists of 3-sections, encompassing demographic details, a knowledge section with 6 domains, each having 4 questions with the choice of "yes/no," an attitude section featuring a Likert scale for 4 items, and a perception section featuring a Likert scale for 3 items. The assessment of construct and discriminative validity was performed along with testing for reliability. The average variance extracted value and the composite reliability value were used for convergent validity. A total of 65 pharmacists completed the RDQ-13, but at retest n = 2 participants were dropped (response rate at retest was 96.9%). Exploratory factor analysis revealed 3-factor loadings with 59.1% of the variance, whereas the Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin value was 0.60. The Cronbach alpha value of 0.700 indicates good internal consistency, whereas the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the test and retest showed that most domains/scores were statistically significant (P < .001), showing an excellent agreement between the test and retest. The RDQ-13 underwent extensive validation through a cross-sectional survey, demonstrating high content and face validity. The scale showed consistent responses over time (test-retest stability) and good internal consistency.
药剂师作为医疗团队不可或缺的一部分，在预防慢性肾病患者因剂量不当而出现的药物相关问题方面可发挥关键作用。本研究旨在开发并验证一种新工具——肾脏给药问卷（RDQ - 13），供在医院、社区和零售药店工作的药剂师使用。2023年1月至3月，对不同工作环境的药剂师进行了一项横断面研究。RDQ - 13量表由三个部分组成，包括人口统计学细节、一个包含6个领域的知识部分，每个领域有4个“是/否”选择题、一个包含4个项目的李克特量表的态度部分，以及一个包含3个项目的李克特量表的认知部分。进行了结构效度和区分效度评估以及可靠性测试。平均方差抽取值和组合信度值用于收敛效度分析。共有65名药剂师完成了RDQ - 13，但在复测时2名参与者退出（复测时的回复率为96.9%）。探索性因素分析揭示了3个因素负荷，方差贡献率为59.1%，而Kaiser - Mayer - Olkin值为0.60。Cronbach α值为0.700表明内部一致性良好，而测试与复测的组内相关系数（ICC）表明大多数领域/得分具有统计学意义（P <.001），测试与复测之间显示出极好的一致性。通过横断面调查对RDQ - 13进行了广泛验证，显示出高内容效度和表面效度。该量表随时间显示出一致的反应（重测稳定性）和良好的内部一致性。
