Innab Adnan, Shaqiqi Wejdan, Alammar Kamila, Alshammari Alkadi, Shaqiqi Rawan
Nursing Administration and Education Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, 12372, Saudi Arabia.
College of Nursing, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Dec 20;24(1):3550. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20698-0.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is a significant global concern, profoundly affecting physical, psychological, sexual, and financial well-being. Its prevalence is notably high in conservative societies including Saudi Arabia (SA). Given the limited research on the role of social support in IPV within SA. This study aimed to assess IPV victimization and its association with the psychological state of abused women in SA, and the effects of social support on the women's experience of IPV.
A total of 128 women participated in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected from September 2022 to March 2023 using the World Health Organization Multi-Country Violence Against Women, the General Health Questionnaire, and the Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support.
One-quarter of women experienced at least one type of IPV, with more than half of them experienced financial (65.6%), sexual (53.9%), emotional (57.8%), controlling behavior (43.8%) and physical (39.8%) abuse. IPV victimization, be it physical, emotional, or sexual abuse, and IPV frequency were positively correlated with psychological distress (M = 15.05, SD = 6.82, p = .009), anxiety and depression (M = 6.29, SD = 2.57, p = .004), and loss of confidence (M = 2.57, SD = 1.90, p < .001). Social support was negatively associated with physical and controlling behavior abuse (p = .01) as well as IPV frequency (p = .024). The risk factors of IPV were unemployed women, employed husbands, history of child abuse for wives and husbands, financial struggle and arranged marriage.
The conclusion was that IPV can cause psychological distress, anxiety, depression, and loss of confidence and can be buffered by social support. Given its prevalence and impact on mental health, it is crucial to establish strict policies and regulations to prevent IPV and provide effective interventions and support for abused women.
针对女性的亲密伴侣暴力是一个重大的全球问题，对身体、心理、性和经济福祉产生深远影响。在包括沙特阿拉伯（SA）在内的保守社会中，其发生率尤其高。鉴于沙特阿拉伯对社会支持在亲密伴侣暴力中作用的研究有限。本研究旨在评估沙特阿拉伯亲密伴侣暴力受害情况及其与受虐妇女心理状态的关联，以及社会支持对妇女亲密伴侣暴力经历的影响。
共有128名妇女参与了这项横断面研究。2022年9月至2023年3月期间，使用世界卫生组织多国妇女暴力调查问卷、一般健康问卷和多维感知社会支持量表收集数据。
四分之一的妇女经历过至少一种类型的亲密伴侣暴力，其中一半以上经历过经济（65.6%）、性（53.9%）、情感（57.8%）、控制行为（43.8%）和身体（39.8%）虐待。亲密伴侣暴力受害情况，无论是身体、情感还是性虐待，以及亲密伴侣暴力发生频率与心理困扰（M = 15.05，SD = 6.82，p = 0.009）、焦虑和抑郁（M = 6.29，SD = 2.57，p = 0.004）以及信心丧失（M = 2.57，SD = 1.90，p < 0.001）呈正相关。社会支持与身体和控制行为虐待（p = 0.01）以及亲密伴侣暴力发生频率（p = 0.024）呈负相关。亲密伴侣暴力的风险因素包括失业妇女、有工作的丈夫、妻子和丈夫有儿童期受虐史、经济困难和包办婚姻。
结论是亲密伴侣暴力会导致心理困扰、焦虑、抑郁和信心丧失，而社会支持可以起到缓冲作用。鉴于其发生率及其对心理健康的影响，制定严格的政策和法规以预防亲密伴侣暴力并为受虐妇女提供有效干预和支持至关重要。
