Latent profile analysis of anticipatory grief in family caregivers of patients with chronic heart failure and its influencing factors.

BACKGROUND

Anticipatory grief has been shown to be highly prevalent among family caregivers of patients with advanced illness. However, there is less research on the anticipatory grief of family caregivers with chronic heart failure. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the profile of anticipatory grief among family caregivers of patients with chronic heart failure and to analyze the influencing factors of different profiles.

METHODS

A convenience sampling method was adopted to select 205 family caregivers of chronic heart failure patients hospitalized in a tertiary general hospital in Nanchong, China as the research subjects. A general information questionnaire, Anticipatory Grief Scale (AGS), and Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form (FoP-Q-SF) were used for the survey. Latent profile analysis was conducted on the anticipatory grief of family caregivers of chronic heart failure patients, and univariate analysis and multinomial logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of anticipatory grief in each subgroup.

RESULTS

The anticipatory grief of family caregivers of chronic heart failure patients has been divided into three latent classes: low anticipatory grief class (16.4%), moderate anticipatory grief class (58.7%), and high anticipatory grief and loss class (24.8%). Gender, education, relationship with the patient, course of disease, and fear of progression were the influencing factors of the latent profile of anticipatory grief among family caregivers of chronic heart failure patients (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

There were differences in the level of anticipatory grief among different subgroups of family caregivers of chronic heart failure patients. Medical staff can develop personalized intervention measures on the basis of the influencing factors of different categories to alleviate anticipatory grief of family caregivers and promote physical and mental health of caregivers in chronic heart failure patients.