Kawamura Musashi, Hariya Natsuyo, Ishiyama Shiori, Tanaka Yuji, Ozato Keiko, Mochizuki Kazuki
Department of Integrated Applied Life Science, Integrated Graduate School of Medicine, Engineering, and Agricultural Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan; Department of Local Produce and Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Family and Consumer Sciences, Kamakura Women's University, Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan.
Nutrition. 2025 Mar;131:112656. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112656. Epub 2024 Nov 29.
Gastrointestinal hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), gastric inhibitory polypeptide, and peptide YY (PYY) are important for reducing malnutrition at older ages because they are related to assimilation and feeding behavior. Medium-chain triacylglycerol (MCT) ameliorates metabolic symptoms and frailty in adults; however, whether it has the same effect in old age is unknown. To address this, we examined the changes in insulin and gastrointestinal hormones in aged Brd4 (+/-) mice exhibiting symptoms of old age.
Aged male wild-type and Brd4 (+/-) mice were fed a long-chain triacylglycerol (LCT)- or MCT diet. Feeding, blood glucose, and plasma active GLP-1 protein concentrations were determined at 9 weeks using a meal tolerance test, and those gastrointestinal hormone genes were determined at 10 weeks.
The liver and stomach weights and mRNA expression of Gcg (encodes GLP-1 protein) and Pyy in the colon were lower in LCT-fed Brd4 (+/-) mice than those in LCT-fed wild-type mice; these were restored by the MCT diet. The blood concentration of active GLP-1 protein at 15 and 30 minutes postload was higher in MCT-fed Brd4 (+/-) mice than that in those fed an LCT diet.
Aged Brd4 (+/-) mice showed lower mRNA expression of Gcg and Pyy genes, and active GLP-1 protein secretion in the blood, which were as restored and enhanced with MCT feeding.
胰高血糖素样肽1（GLP-1）、胃抑制性多肽和肽YY（PYY）等胃肠激素对减少老年人营养不良很重要，因为它们与同化作用和进食行为有关。中链甘油三酯（MCT）可改善成年人的代谢症状和虚弱状况；然而，其在老年时是否有同样的效果尚不清楚。为解决这一问题，我们研究了出现老年症状的Brd4（+/-）老龄小鼠胰岛素和胃肠激素的变化。
给老龄雄性野生型和Brd4（+/-）小鼠喂食长链甘油三酯（LCT）或MCT饮食。在9周时使用餐耐量试验测定进食量、血糖和血浆活性GLP-1蛋白浓度，并在10周时测定那些胃肠激素基因。
LCT喂养的Brd4（+/-）小鼠的肝脏和胃重量以及结肠中Gcg（编码GLP-1蛋白）和Pyy的mRNA表达低于LCT喂养的野生型小鼠；这些通过MCT饮食得以恢复。MCT喂养的Brd4（+/-）小鼠在负荷后15分钟和30分钟时活性GLP-1蛋白的血浓度高于LCT饮食喂养的小鼠。
老龄Brd4（+/-）小鼠的Gcg和Pyy基因的mRNA表达较低，血液中活性GLP-1蛋白分泌较少，而MCT喂养可使其恢复并增强。
