Eh Tong-Ju, Jiang Yaxuan, Jiang Mingquan, Li Jianxin, Lei Pei, Ji Ximei, Kim Hyon-Il, Zhao Xiyang, Meng Fanjuan
College of Forestry and Grassland Science, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tree and Grass Genetics and Breeding, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun 130118, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; School of Life Sciences, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang 999093, Republic of Korea.
College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
J Adv Res. 2024 Dec 19. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.12.025.
Trehalose is a nonreducing disaccharide containing two glucose molecules linked through an α,α-1,1-glycosidic bond. This unique chemical structure causes trehalose levels to fluctuate significantly in plants under stress, where it functions as an osmoprotectant, enhancing plant resistance to stress. Previous studies have confirmed that the trehalose synthesis pathway is widely conserved across most plants. However, the protective role of trehalose is limited only to organelles or tissues where the concentration is sufficiently high.
In this review, we summarize previous reports on improving plant stress tolerance (drought, cold, heat, salt, pathogen, etc.) by applying trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) or trehalose and manipulating the expression of trehalose metabolism-related genes. The molecular mechanisms underlying T6P, trehalose, and their related genes that regulate plant stress resistance are reviewed. More progressive studies on the spatiotemporal control of trehalose metabolism will provide a novel tool that allows for the simultaneous enhancement of crop yield and stress tolerance.
We introduce the history of trehalose and discuss the possibility of trehalose and its metabolity-related genes binding to T6P to participate in stress response through unknown signaling pathways. In addition, the effects of trehalose metabolism regulation on plant growth and stress resistance were reviewed, and the molecular mechanism was fully discussed. In particular, we came up with new insights that the molecular mechanism of trehalose metabolism to enhance plant stress resistance in the future and we propose the need to use biotechnology methods to cultivate crops with stress resistance and high yield potential.
海藻糖是一种非还原性二糖，由两个通过α,α-1,1-糖苷键相连的葡萄糖分子组成。这种独特的化学结构使得海藻糖水平在遭受胁迫的植物中显著波动，在植物中它作为一种渗透保护剂发挥作用，增强植物对胁迫的抗性。先前的研究已证实海藻糖合成途径在大多数植物中广泛保守。然而，海藻糖的保护作用仅局限于浓度足够高的细胞器或组织。
在本综述中，我们总结了先前关于通过应用海藻糖-6-磷酸（T6P）或海藻糖以及操纵海藻糖代谢相关基因的表达来提高植物抗逆性（干旱、寒冷、高温、盐害、病原体等）的报道。对T6P、海藻糖及其相关基因调控植物抗逆性的分子机制进行了综述。对海藻糖代谢的时空控制进行更深入的研究将提供一种新工具，可同时提高作物产量和抗逆性。
我们介绍了海藻糖的历史，并讨论了海藻糖及其代谢相关基因通过未知信号通路与T6P结合参与胁迫反应的可能性。此外，综述了海藻糖代谢调控对植物生长和抗逆性的影响，并对分子机制进行了充分讨论。特别是，我们提出了关于海藻糖代谢增强植物抗逆性的分子机制的新见解，并提出需要利用生物技术方法培育具有抗逆性和高产潜力的作物。
