Bagheri Hosein, Mottahedi Mobin, Talebi Seyedeh Solmaz, Mehralizade Sara, Ebrahimi Hossein
Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
Department of Operating Room, School of Allied Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2024 Dec 21;24(1):421. doi: 10.1186/s12906-024-04729-2.
BACKGROUND: Acute postoperative pain is often reported after repair of inguinal hernia and can negatively impact patient satisfaction and clinical outcomes. This includes delayed wound healing, longer hospitalization, and increased health care costs. Non-pharmacological techniques like Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) and Rhythmic Breathing (RB) have been suggested as possible interventions for managing this type of pain. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of PMR and RB on postoperative pain following repair of inguinal hernia. METHODS: This parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted to examine 120 patients in the age range of 18 to 75 years with inclusion criteria: Repair of Inguinal Hernia under general anesthesia and no addiction to drugs and narcotics. These patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups: the RB group, PMR group, or the control group (which received standard care). The RB and PMR interventions were administered at 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after surgery. The primary outcome measure was the intensity of pain at the surgical site, assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The secondary outcome measure was the amount of rescue analgesic (Pethidine). The one-way analysis of variance, Chi-square, post-hoc test, and repeated measures ANOVA were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Following the interventions, participants in both the RB and PMR groups exhibited significantly lower levels of acute pain after inguinal hernia repair compared to the control group across all four time periods, except at 12 h postoperatively in the RB group. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the RB and PMR groups. Additionally, the amount of pethidine consumed in the control group was significantly higher compared to the two experimental groups. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results, both RB and PMR were found to be effective techniques in reducing patients' pain. Therefore, it is recommended that healthcare team members, particularly nurses, actively learn and teach both RB and PMR. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registered in the Iranian registry of clinical trials ( www.irct.ir ) in 31/01/2023 with the following code: IRCT20200206046395N2.
背景：腹股沟疝修补术后常出现急性疼痛，这会对患者满意度和临床结局产生负面影响。这包括伤口愈合延迟、住院时间延长以及医疗费用增加。渐进性肌肉松弛（PMR）和节律性呼吸（RB）等非药物技术已被建议作为管理此类疼痛的可能干预措施。本研究的目的是探讨PMR和RB对腹股沟疝修补术后疼痛的影响。 方法：本平行随机对照试验对120名年龄在18至75岁之间的患者进行研究，纳入标准为：在全身麻醉下进行腹股沟疝修补术且无药物和麻醉品成瘾。这些患者被随机分为三组之一：RB组、PMR组或对照组（接受标准护理）。RB和PMR干预在术后3、6、12和24小时进行。主要结局指标是手术部位的疼痛强度，使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）进行评估。次要结局指标是急救镇痛药（哌替啶）的用量。采用单因素方差分析、卡方检验、事后检验和重复测量方差分析进行数据分析。 结果：干预后，除RB组术后12小时外，在所有四个时间段内，RB组和PMR组的参与者腹股沟疝修补术后的急性疼痛水平均显著低于对照组。然而，RB组和PMR组之间没有统计学上的显著差异。此外，对照组哌替啶的消耗量明显高于两个实验组。 结论：基于研究结果，发现RB和PMR都是减轻患者疼痛的有效技术。因此，建议医疗团队成员，特别是护士，积极学习并教授RB和PMR。 试验注册：于2023年1月31日在伊朗临床试验注册中心（www.irct.ir）注册，注册号为：IRCT20200206046395N2。
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