Dymanowska Izabela, Frankowska Karolina, Krawczyk Agata Małgorzata, Kociuba Julia, Gil-Kulik Paulina, Banaszewska Beata, Polak Grzegorz
Independent Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Gynecology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Student Scientific Association, Independent Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Gynecology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Med Sci Monit. 2024 Dec 22;30:e946480. doi: 10.12659/MSM.946480.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with several mild metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance (IR), obesity, and dyslipidemia, as well as with some more severe ones, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and cardiovascular disease. Clinically, mild metabolic complications of PCOS such as IR or lipid metabolism disorders are the predictors of these more severe ones. So far, there is no reliable single marker that enables defining metabolic risk in patients with PCOS. Therefore, novel independent markers of metabolic disturbances are needed. Most reports have focused on microRNA (miRNA, miR) assessment in blood serum or granulosa cells, suggesting the high potential clinical utility of such management. The greatest number of studies focused on the association between miRNAs and IR, obesity, or lipid disorders, and some miRNAs were characteristics of all these processes concomitantly. The altered expression of miR-222, miR-223, miR-320, and miR-122 has been most commonly mentioned as the regulator of these metabolic distortions and seems to result from common regulation pathways of metabolic disturbances. In turn, the current literature lacked the miRNA which could be identified as a reliable marker of type 2 diabetes mellitus or NAFLD accompanying PCOS. Therefore, the main objective of future studies should be determining miRNA markers of these most serious metabolic complications. This article aims to review the role of microRNAs as biomarkers for metabolic disorders in PCOS.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）与多种轻度代谢紊乱有关，包括胰岛素抵抗（IR）、肥胖和血脂异常，以及一些更严重的疾病，如2型糖尿病、非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）和心血管疾病。临床上，PCOS的轻度代谢并发症，如IR或脂质代谢紊乱，是这些更严重并发症的预测指标。到目前为止，尚无可靠的单一标志物能够确定PCOS患者的代谢风险。因此，需要新的独立代谢紊乱标志物。大多数报告集中于血清或颗粒细胞中的微小RNA（miRNA，miR）评估，表明这种检测具有很高的临床应用潜力。大多数研究集中于miRNA与IR、肥胖或脂质紊乱之间的关联，一些miRNA是所有这些过程的共同特征。miR-222、miR-223、miR-320和miR-122表达的改变最常被提及为这些代谢紊乱的调节因子，似乎源于代谢紊乱的共同调节途径。然而，目前的文献中缺乏可被确定为PCOS伴发2型糖尿病或NAFLD可靠标志物的miRNA。因此，未来研究的主要目标应该是确定这些最严重代谢并发症的miRNA标志物。本文旨在综述微小RNA作为PCOS代谢紊乱生物标志物的作用。
