Manz Kirsi, Weitmann Kerstin, Theen Sarah, Robers Gabriele, Pritzkuleit Ron, Katalinic Alexander, Hoffmann Wolfgang
Cancer Registry Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Institute for Cancer Epidemiology, University Lübeck, Cancer Registry Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Dec 22;24(1):3560. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-21134-z.
Employees at the Ihlenberg toxic waste landfill in northern Germany were found to have an increased risk of cancer and cancer-related deaths in previous analyses covering the time period from 1983 to 2008. The present study aimed to quantify cancer risk and all-cause mortality in the employee cohort in 2009 to 2021.
In this retrospective cohort study, cancers were identified by linkage with cancer registries, and employee deaths were obtained from population registries. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for cancers and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated to quantify cancer and mortality risk in the employee cohort. The effects of employment duration and different latency periods up to 30 years were additionally considered.
The cohort of 590 employees (432 men, 158 women) who worked at the landfill for at least 3 months between 1983 and 2018 was established from human resource management documentation and followed from January 1, 2009 until December 31, 2021. During this follow-up period, the SIR for all cancers combined was 0.69 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.47, 0.98) and the SMR for all-cause mortality was 0.51 (95% CI: 0.35, 0.73). Longer employment at the landfill was not associated with increased cancer incidence or mortality.
Employment at the landfill, expected to reflect occupational exposure to toxic waste, was not associated with increased cancer incidence or mortality in the employee cohort. Preventive measures to reduce exposure and to promote a healthy lifestyle should be maintained at the landfill.
在之前涵盖1983年至2008年时间段的分析中，发现德国北部伊伦贝格有毒废物填埋场的员工患癌症及癌症相关死亡的风险增加。本研究旨在量化2009年至2021年该员工队列中的癌症风险和全因死亡率。
在这项回顾性队列研究中，通过与癌症登记处的关联来识别癌症，并从人口登记处获取员工死亡信息。计算癌症的标准化发病比（SIR）和标准化死亡比（SMR），以量化员工队列中的癌症和死亡风险。此外，还考虑了就业时长和长达30年的不同潜伏期的影响。
根据人力资源管理文件确定了在1983年至2018年期间在该填埋场工作至少3个月的590名员工队列（432名男性，158名女性），并从2009年1月1日至2021年12月31日进行随访。在该随访期间，所有癌症综合的SIR为0.69（95%置信区间（CI）：0.47，0.98），全因死亡率的SMR为0.51（95%CI：0.35，0.73）。在填埋场工作时间更长与癌症发病率或死亡率增加无关。
预计反映职业接触有毒废物情况的在填埋场工作，与员工队列中癌症发病率或死亡率增加无关。应在填埋场维持减少接触和促进健康生活方式的预防措施。
