A conceptual classification scheme of invasion science.

In the era of big data and global biodiversity decline, there is a pressing need to transform data and information into findable and actionable knowledge. We propose a conceptual classification scheme for invasion science that goes beyond hypothesis networks and allows to organize publications and data sets, guide research directions, and identify knowledge gaps. Combining expert knowledge with literature analysis, we identified five major research themes in this field: introduction pathways, invasion success and invasibility, impacts of invasion, managing biological invasions, and meta-invasion science. We divided these themes into 10 broader research questions and linked them to 39 major hypotheses forming the theoretical foundation of invasion science. As artificial intelligence advances, such classification schemes will become important references for organizing scientific information. Our approach can be extended to other research fields, fostering cross-disciplinary connections to leverage the scientific knowledge needed to address Anthropocene challenges.