Sharif-Nia Hamid, Froelicher Erika Sivarajan, Marôco João, Hoseinzadeh Esmaeil, Hejazi Sima, Fatehi Reza, Nowrozi Poorya, Mohammadi Bita
Psychosomatic Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Department of Nursing, Amol School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Dec 6;15:1422346. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1422346. eCollection 2024.
So far, the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale have not been assessed in Iran. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale among a group of Iranian patients in Amol.
This methodological study was conducted in 2023 with a sample of 400 postoperative patients from Amol, Iran, selected through convenience sampling. The dataset was divided into two groups of 200 for exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Construct validity was assessed using maximum likelihood exploratory factor analysis with Promax rotation, supported by Horn's parallel analysis and network analysis to visualize item relationships. Confirmatory factor analysis, convergent and discriminant validity was performed on the second dataset. Reliability was evaluated through various statistical measures, including Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, average inter-item correlation coefficient, composite reliability, and maximal reliability (MaxR).
Among the 400 participants, the mean age was 44.38 years (SD = 13.49), with 152 (46.1%) being women and 178 (53.9%) men. Most participants (n = 268, 81.2%) had an education level lower than a diploma, and 93 individuals (28.2%) reported a history of surgery. The results of exploratory factor analysis with Promax rotation developed two factors accounting for 66.29% of the variance comprising 15 items. Also, after necessary modifications during confirmatory factor analysis, the final model was approved. As for reliability, the Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability, and MaxR for all constructs were greater than 0.7, demonstrating good internal consistency and construct reliability.
According to the results, the Persian version of the Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale has a valid structure and acceptable reliability. This scale can be used by health professionals in many ways.
到目前为止，伊朗尚未评估疼痛焦虑症状量表波斯语版的心理测量特性。因此，本研究旨在确定疼痛焦虑症状量表波斯语版在阿莫勒的一组伊朗患者中的有效性和可靠性。
本方法学研究于2023年进行，样本为来自伊朗阿莫勒的400名术后患者，通过便利抽样选取。数据集分为两组，每组200人，分别用于探索性和验证性因素分析。使用Promax旋转的最大似然探索性因素分析评估结构效度，并通过霍恩平行分析和网络分析来可视化项目关系以提供支持。在第二个数据集上进行验证性因素分析、收敛效度和区分效度分析。通过各种统计指标评估信度，包括克朗巴哈α系数、麦克唐纳ω系数、平均项目间相关系数、组合信度和最大信度（MaxR）。
在400名参与者中，平均年龄为44.38岁（标准差=13.49）；女性152人（46.1%），男性178人（53.9%）。大多数参与者（n = 268，81.2%）的教育水平低于文凭，93人（28.2%）报告有手术史。采用Promax旋转的探索性因素分析结果产生了两个因素，占方差的66.29%，包含15个项目。此外，在验证性因素分析中进行必要修改后，最终模型获得通过。至于信度，所有结构的克朗巴哈α系数、组合信度和MaxR均大于0.7，表明具有良好的内部一致性和结构信度。
根据结果，疼痛焦虑症状量表波斯语版具有有效的结构和可接受的信度。该量表可供卫生专业人员在多种情况下使用。
