Spengler Jessica R, Lo Michael K, Welch Stephen R, Spiropoulou Christina F
Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2025 Mar 13;38(1):e0012823. doi: 10.1128/cmr.00128-23. Epub 2024 Dec 23.
SUMMARYHenipaviruses were first identified 30 years ago and have since been associated with over 30 outbreaks of disease in humans. Highly pathogenic henipaviruses include Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV), classified as biosafety level 4 pathogens. In addition, NiV has been listed as a priority pathogen by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), and the UK Vaccines Research and Development Network (UKVN). Here, we re-examine epidemiological, ecological, clinical, and pathobiological studies of HeV and NiV to provide a comprehensive guide of the current knowledge and application to identify and evaluate countermeasures. We also discuss therapeutic and vaccine development efforts. Furthermore, with case identification, prevention, and treatment in mind, we highlight limitations in research and recognize gaps necessitating additional studies.
摘要
亨尼帕病毒于30年前首次被发现，自那时起已与30多起人类疾病暴发相关联。高致病性亨尼帕病毒包括亨德拉病毒（HeV）和尼帕病毒（NiV），被归类为生物安全4级病原体。此外，尼帕病毒已被世界卫生组织（WHO）、流行病防范创新联盟（CEPI）和英国疫苗研发网络（UKVN）列为优先病原体。在此，我们重新审视亨德拉病毒和尼帕病毒的流行病学、生态学、临床和病理生物学研究，以提供当前知识的全面指南及其在识别和评估应对措施方面的应用。我们还讨论了治疗和疫苗开发方面的努力。此外，考虑到病例识别、预防和治疗，我们强调了研究中的局限性，并认识到需要进一步研究的差距。
