Engeli Vasiliki, Roussos Sotirios, Demiris Nikolaos, Hatzakis Angelos, Sypsa Vana
Emerg Infect Dis. 2025 Jan;31(1):75-85. doi: 10.3201/eid3101.240737.
We collected social contact data in Greece to measure contact patterns before (January 2020) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020-October 2021) and assess the effects of social distancing over time. During lockdowns, mean daily contacts decreased to 2.8-5.9 (mean prepandemic 20.4). Persons >65 years of age retained the fewest contacts during the pandemic (2.1-4.1). Compared with the first lockdown (March-April 2020), the second lockdown (November-December 2020) and third lockdown (April 2021) showed higher numbers of contacts (incidence rate ratio 1.50 [95% CI 1.27-1.76] in second lockdown and 2.19 [95% CI 1.86-2.58] in third lockdown). In 2021, an increase in contacts was apparent, which persisted during the April 2021 lockdown among persons 18-64 years of age. Our study provides evidence of the waning observance of physical distancing. Effective risk communication alongside targeted social distancing could offer alternatives to repeated lockdowns.
我们收集了希腊的社交接触数据，以衡量新冠疫情之前（2020年1月）和期间（2020年3月至2021年10月）的接触模式，并评估社交距离随时间的影响。在封锁期间，平均每日接触次数降至2.8 - 5.9次（疫情前平均为20.4次）。65岁以上的人群在疫情期间接触次数最少（2.1 - 4.1次）。与第一次封锁（2020年3月至4月）相比，第二次封锁（2020年11月至12月）和第三次封锁（2021年4月）的接触次数更多（第二次封锁的发病率比为1.50 [95%置信区间1.27 - 1.76]，第三次封锁为2.19 [95%置信区间1.86 - 2.58]）。2021年，接触次数明显增加，在2021年4月封锁期间，18 - 64岁人群中这种增加仍持续存在。我们的研究提供了人们对物理距离遵守情况逐渐减弱的证据。有效的风险沟通与有针对性的社交距离措施相结合，可以为反复封锁提供替代方案。
