Mina Suzan Adib, Bishr Mokhtar Mohamed, Hassan Hoda Mazyoun, Abdel-Khalik Soad Mohamed
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, POB 1179, Cairo, Egypt.
pharmaceuticals and medicinal plants (Mepaco), Enshas El Raml, Sharkyah, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 23;14(1):30609. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-82204-1.
The manipulation of cultivation conditions in addition to environmental changes is a key factor affecting the growth, secondary metabolites production, and the biological activity of the plant. Our study aims to evaluate the impact of foliar spray of ethephon, water stress, organic and inorganic fertilizers on the cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of the fruit oil of Foeniculum vulgare, Miller, var. dulce and its vegetative growth and oil composition. Four different soil treatments were implemented. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry GC/MS was applied to identify the volatile compounds. Evaluation of both the cytotoxic and the antimicrobial activities of the fruit oil were assessed using the viability assay and the well diffusion method respectively. Variations in the vegetative growth factors and the essential oil (EO) composition were recorded. About a 94.7% increase in the total oil yield was detected in condition 3 compared to control. The oil sample obtained under condition 1 showed the strongest antimicrobial activity against most tested strains and a significant cytotoxic effect against prostate carcinoma (PC-3) cells. Facing the global problem of water deficit, our success in producing a good quality fennel crop and its EO content upon application of drought stress and will be very beneficial at both the economic and the pharmaceutical levels.
除环境变化外，栽培条件的调控是影响植物生长、次生代谢产物生成及生物活性的关键因素。我们的研究旨在评估叶面喷施乙烯利、水分胁迫、有机肥料和无机肥料对甜小茴香果实油的细胞毒性和抗菌活性、营养生长及油成分的影响。实施了四种不同的土壤处理。采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC/MS）技术鉴定挥发性化合物。分别使用活力测定法和打孔扩散法评估果实油的细胞毒性和抗菌活性。记录营养生长因子和精油（EO）成分的变化。与对照相比，条件3下的总油产量提高了约94.7%。在条件1下获得的油样对大多数测试菌株显示出最强的抗菌活性，对前列腺癌（PC-3）细胞具有显著的细胞毒性作用。面对全球缺水问题，我们在干旱胁迫下成功培育出优质茴香作物及其EO含量，这在经济和制药层面都将非常有益。
