Parween Afreen, Sahoo Jyoti Prakash, Mahapatra Manaswini, Das Barsha Priyadarshini, Pattnaik Subhashree, Sunani Sunil Kumar
Faculty of Agriculture and Allied Sciences, C.V. Raman Global University, Bhubaneswar, 752054, India.
ICAR - Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Regional Station, Khordha, 752055, India.
Mol Biol Rep. 2024 Dec 24;52(1):76. doi: 10.1007/s11033-024-10187-3.
Charcoal Rot (CR) poses a significant threat to mung bean crops by reducing yield, making the development of resistant varieties crucial for stable production and food security. This study evaluated 19 newly identified mung bean landraces using biochemical traits and SSR markers, revealing genetic variability, CR disease reactions, and traits influencing yield and resistance, which provide valuable insights for breeding CR-resistant, high-yielding varieties.
Mung bean landraces were evaluated for their response to CR using 4 biochemical parameters, and 10 SSR markers to assess genetic variability and disease resistance. The results revealed substantial variability in morpho-quantitative traits, and showed a significant variation in CR disease reaction (21% resistance, and 16% moderately resistance). Biochemical characterization suggested that, phenolic content (PHE), Peroxidase (POX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities exhibited narrow ranges, suggesting more uniformity in these biochemical traits under CR stress. Yield (YLD) showed a positive correlation with the number of pods per plant (NPDP) (0.459), PPO (0.912), PHE (0.867), and total chlorophyll (TCL) (0.864), but showed a negative correlation with POX (-0.64), indicating their positive influence on productivity. Conversely, CR resistance was strongly negatively correlated with YLD (-0.86). Moreover, as per the principal component analysis (PCA), 80.5% of the total variance was explained by the first three principal components. However, molecular characterization suggested the PIC values ranged from 0.281 to 0.871, with an average 0.58 indicating moderate to high polymorphism. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) grouped landraces based on their genetic makeup under CR stress, and the first three axes explained most of the variation (82.03%). Phylogenetic tree analysis confirmed the PCoA groupings with similarity coefficient varied from 0.57 to 0.98, suggesting the landraces within a cluster had lower genetic distances, and resistant and moderately CR resistant landraces fell into separate clusters.
The findings can be effectively utilized to develop CR-resistant mung bean varieties with enhanced productivity, contributing to stable mung bean production and food security.
炭疽病（CR）通过降低产量对绿豆作物构成重大威胁，因此培育抗性品种对于稳定生产和粮食安全至关重要。本研究利用生化性状和SSR标记对19个新鉴定的绿豆地方品种进行了评估，揭示了遗传变异性、CR病害反应以及影响产量和抗性的性状，为培育抗CR高产绿豆品种提供了有价值的见解。
利用4个生化参数和10个SSR标记评估绿豆地方品种对CR的反应，以评估遗传变异性和抗病性。结果显示形态数量性状存在显著变异性，CR病害反应也有显著差异（21%抗性，16%中度抗性）。生化特征表明，酚类含量（PHE）、过氧化物酶（POX）和多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性范围较窄，表明在CR胁迫下这些生化性状更为一致。产量（YLD）与单株荚数（NPDP）（0.459）、PPO（0.912）、PHE（0.867）和总叶绿素（TCL）（0.864）呈正相关，但与POX呈负相关（-0.64），表明它们对生产力有积极影响。相反，CR抗性与YLD呈强烈负相关（-0.86）。此外，根据主成分分析（PCA），前三个主成分解释了总方差的80.5%。然而，分子特征表明PIC值范围为0.281至0.871，平均0.58表明具有中度至高多态性。主坐标分析（PCoA）根据CR胁迫下的遗传组成对地方品种进行分组，前三个轴解释了大部分变异（82.03%）。系统发育树分析证实了PCoA分组，相似系数在0.57至0.98之间，表明一个聚类中的地方品种遗传距离较低，抗性和中度CR抗性地方品种分属不同聚类。
这些研究结果可有效用于培育具有更高生产力的抗CR绿豆品种，有助于稳定绿豆生产和粮食安全。
