Getahun Habtamu Abebe, Legesse Assefa, Desta Diliab, Johar Ahmed, Bekele Israel, Angasu Kebenesa, Hunegnaw Samuel, Simegnew Nebiyou, Fekadie Minale
Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Faculty, Institute of Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Faculty, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Front Immunol. 2024 Dec 10;15:1426413. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1426413. eCollection 2024.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Nasopharyngeal swabs (NP swabs) were used for patients with COVID-19 who demonstrated serious clinical symptoms and disturbances in biochemical parameters. The biochemical profiles of these patients remain ambiguous and differ from wave to wave of COVID-19 infections. Herein, we conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study with 538 patients with COVID-19 at six COVID-19 treatment centers in Ethiopia. Professional data collectors collected the data. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, and independent t-tests and chi-square tests were used to assess the relationships between the continuous and categorical variables across waves, respectively. In total, 240 and 298 patients were included from the first and second waves, respectively. Men and individuals aged 53-69 years were more likely to be infected in each wave. The mean alkaline phosphatase (p < 0.001) and sodium levels (p = 0.035) significantly differed between patients across the two waves of COVID-19; the significant difference in the alkaline phosphatase levels of patients between the two waves was -45.425. All the symptoms of COVID-19 were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with the waves of the pandemic. Patients in both waves had no chronic disease comorbidities. This study showed that the mean alkaline phosphatase and sodium levels differed significantly across the first two waves of the pandemic at six COVID-19 treatment centers in Ethiopia while all clinical symptoms of COVID-19 were associated with the first two waves of the pandemic.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2引起的一种高传染性疾病。鼻咽拭子（NP拭子）用于患有COVID-19且表现出严重临床症状和生化参数紊乱的患者。这些患者的生化特征仍不明确，且在不同波次的COVID-19感染中有所不同。在此，我们在埃塞俄比亚的六个COVID-19治疗中心对538例COVID-19患者进行了一项多中心回顾性队列研究。专业数据收集者收集数据。描述性统计用于汇总数据，独立t检验和卡方检验分别用于评估不同波次中连续变量和分类变量之间的关系。总共分别从第一波和第二波中纳入了240例和298例患者。男性以及年龄在53至69岁之间的个体在每一波中感染的可能性更高。在COVID-19的两波患者中，平均碱性磷酸酶水平（p < 0.001）和钠水平（p = 0.035）存在显著差异；两波患者碱性磷酸酶水平的显著差异为-45.425。COVID-19的所有症状均与疫情波次显著相关（p < 0.05）。两波患者均无慢性疾病合并症。这项研究表明，在埃塞俄比亚的六个COVID-19治疗中心，在前两波疫情中，平均碱性磷酸酶和钠水平存在显著差异，而COVID-19的所有临床症状均与前两波疫情相关。
