Bearss Karolina A, Barnstaple Rebecca E, Bar Rachel J, DeSouza Joseph F X
Department of Psychology, Algoma University, Brampton, ON, Canada.
Dance Studies, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
JMIRx Med. 2024 Dec 13;5:e44426. doi: 10.2196/44426.
Dance has emerged as a complementary treatment that may promote adaptive neural plasticity while improving symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD), such as balance, gait, posture, and walking. Understanding brain changes that arise from participation in dance interventions is important as these neural plastic changes play an important role in protecting and healing the brain. Although dance has been shown to improve PD motor and nonmotor symptoms, the neural mechanisms underlying these changes, specifically depression and mood, remain elusive. Further, many side effects of PD drug treatments can be exacerbated or even induced by dopaminergic drugs, particularly depression and anxiety, making these nonmotor symptoms more noticeable throughout the progression of the disease.
In this study, we focused on the impact of dance interventions on PD nonmotor symptoms by conducting an 8-month observational study, tracking the relationship between depression scores and functional neuroimaging measures for people with PD.
A total of 34 dancers-23 (68%) people with PD and 11 (32%) healthy controls-completed the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) before and after attending weekly community-based dance classes, referred to as Dance for PD classes. Specifically, we examined changes within the functional magnetic resonance imaging signal from the subcallosal cingulate gyrus (SCG), an important node within the depression network and a controversial target for deep brain stimulation in the treatment of major depressive disorder.
Depression scores on the GDS decreased in each preintervention to postintervention comparison (all P<.025). In addition, GDS scores also improved over the 8-month dance period (all P<.01). Blood oxygen level-dependent signals from frontal cortex brain region implicated for emotional regulation within the SCG decreased at each testing time point (all P<.05). Also, a significant decrease in depression scores (GDS) was correlated with reduced blood oxygen level-dependent signals from the SCG (P=.02).
This study contributes to an improved understanding of the neural mechanisms that are involved in depression, as well as the beneficial contribution that longitudinal dance interventions have in reducing nonmotor symptoms associated with PD, particularly in depression symptoms.
舞蹈已成为一种辅助治疗方法，可能促进适应性神经可塑性，同时改善帕金森病（PD）的症状，如平衡、步态、姿势和行走能力。了解参与舞蹈干预所引起的大脑变化很重要，因为这些神经可塑性变化在保护和修复大脑方面起着重要作用。虽然舞蹈已被证明能改善帕金森病的运动和非运动症状，但这些变化背后的神经机制，特别是抑郁和情绪方面，仍然难以捉摸。此外，帕金森病药物治疗的许多副作用可能会因多巴胺能药物而加重甚至诱发，尤其是抑郁和焦虑，使得这些非运动症状在疾病进展过程中更加明显。
在本研究中，我们通过进行一项为期8个月的观察性研究，追踪帕金森病患者抑郁评分与功能神经影像学测量之间的关系，重点关注舞蹈干预对帕金森病非运动症状的影响。
共有34名舞者——23名（68%）帕金森病患者和11名（32%）健康对照者——在参加每周一次的社区舞蹈课程（即帕金森病舞蹈课程）前后完成了老年抑郁量表（GDS）测试。具体而言，我们检查了来自扣带回下回（SCG）的功能磁共振成像信号的变化，SCG是抑郁网络中的一个重要节点，也是治疗重度抑郁症时深部脑刺激的一个有争议的靶点。
在每次干预前与干预后的比较中，GDS抑郁评分均有所下降（所有P<0.025）。此外，在为期8个月的舞蹈课程期间，GDS评分也有所改善（所有P<0.01）。在每个测试时间点，与SCG内情绪调节相关的额叶皮质脑区的血氧水平依赖信号均下降（所有P<0.05）。此外，抑郁评分（GDS）的显著下降与SCG的血氧水平依赖信号减少相关（P = 0.02）。
本研究有助于更好地理解与抑郁相关的神经机制，以及长期舞蹈干预对减轻帕金森病相关非运动症状，特别是抑郁症状的有益作用。
