Ge Linhao, Pan Fuan, Jia Mingxuan, Pott Delphine M, He Hao, Shan Hongying, Lozano-Durán Rosa, Wang Aiming, Zhou Xueping, Li Fangfang
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
Plant Commun. 2025 Feb 10;6(2):101232. doi: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.101232. Epub 2024 Dec 25.
The chemical modifications of DNA and proteins are powerful mechanisms for regulating molecular and biological functions, influencing a wide array of signaling pathways in eukaryotes. Recent advancements in epitranscriptomics have shown that RNA modifications play crucial roles in diverse biological processes. Since their discovery in the 1970s, scientists have sought to decipher, identify, and elucidate the functions of these modifications across biological systems. Over the past decade, mounting evidence has demonstrated the importance of RNA modification pathways in plants, prompting significant efforts to decipher their physiological relevance. With the advent of high-resolution mapping techniques for RNA modifications and the gradual uncovering of their biological roles, our understanding of this additional layer of regulation is beginning to take shape. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the major RNA modifications identified in plants, with an emphasis on N6-methyladenosine (mA), the most extensively studied modification. We discuss the functional significance of the effector components involved in mA modification and its diverse roles in plant biotic interactions, including plant-virus, plant-bacterium, plant-fungus, and plant-insect relationships. Furthermore, we highlight new technological developments driving research progress in this field and outline key challenges that remain to be addressed.
DNA和蛋白质的化学修饰是调节分子和生物学功能的强大机制，影响着真核生物中广泛的信号通路。表观转录组学的最新进展表明，RNA修饰在多种生物过程中发挥着关键作用。自20世纪70年代发现这些修饰以来，科学家们一直试图破译、识别并阐明它们在整个生物系统中的功能。在过去十年中，越来越多的证据表明RNA修饰途径在植物中的重要性，促使人们做出巨大努力来解读它们的生理相关性。随着用于RNA修饰的高分辨率图谱技术的出现以及它们生物学作用的逐渐揭示，我们对这一额外调控层面的理解开始形成。在这篇综述中，我们总结了植物中鉴定出的主要RNA修饰的最新研究结果，重点关注N6-甲基腺苷（m6A），这是研究最广泛的修饰。我们讨论了参与m6A修饰的效应成分的功能意义及其在植物生物相互作用中的多种作用，包括植物-病毒、植物-细菌、植物-真菌和植物-昆虫关系。此外，我们强调了推动该领域研究进展的新技术发展，并概述了仍有待解决的关键挑战。
