Gómez-Gaviria Manuela, Baruch-Martínez Dario A, Mora-Montes Héctor M
Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Gto, Mexico.
Infect Drug Resist. 2024 Dec 21;17:5755-5773. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S497862. eCollection 2024.
Fungal infections have become a growing public health concern, aggravated by the emergence of new pathogenic species and increasing resistance to antifungal drugs. The most common candidiasis is caused by ; however, has become an emerging opportunistic pathogen, and although less prevalent, it can cause superficial and systemic infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. This yeast can colonize the oral cavity, skin, and other tissues, and has been associated with oral infections in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), making it difficult to treat. The special interest in the study of this species lies in its ability to evade commonly used antifungal drugs, such as fluconazole, under different concentrations. In addition, it is difficult to identify because it can be confused with the species , which could interfere with adequate treatment. Although the study of virulence factors in is limited, proteomic comparisons with indicate that these virulence factors could be similar between the two species. However, differences could exist considering the evolutionary processes and lifestyle of each species. In this study, a detailed review of the current literature on was conducted, considering aspects such as biology, possible virulence factors, immune response, pathogen-host interaction, diagnosis, and treatment.
真菌感染已成为日益严重的公共卫生问题，新的致病菌种的出现以及对抗真菌药物耐药性的增加使这一问题更加恶化。最常见的念珠菌病是由 引起的；然而， 已成为一种新兴的机会性病原体，尽管其发病率较低，但它可引起浅表和全身感染，尤其是在免疫功能低下的个体中。这种酵母菌可在口腔、皮肤和其他组织中定植，并与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者的口腔感染有关，使其难以治疗。对该菌种研究的特别兴趣在于其在不同浓度下逃避常用抗真菌药物（如氟康唑）的能力。此外，它难以鉴定，因为它可能与 菌种混淆，这可能会干扰适当的治疗。尽管对 毒力因子的研究有限，但与 的蛋白质组学比较表明，这两个菌种的毒力因子可能相似。然而，考虑到每个菌种的进化过程和生活方式，可能存在差异。在本研究中，对当前关于 的文献进行了详细综述，考虑了生物学、可能的毒力因子、免疫反应、病原体-宿主相互作用、诊断和治疗等方面。
