Wei Sheng, Xu Ting, Cao Miao, Wang Huan, Song Yiqun, Yin Daqiang
Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
Postdoctoral Research Station of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
Environ Health (Wash). 2024 Oct 1;2(12):856-864. doi: 10.1021/envhealth.4c00129. eCollection 2024 Dec 20.
The neurotoxic risk of PM is of worldwide concern, but the pathways through which PM gets to the central nervous system are still under debate. The olfactory pathway provides a promising shortcut to the brain, which bypasses the blood-brain barrier for PM. However, direct evidence is lacking, and the translocation mechanism is still unclear. This study used the primary murine olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) as an model to explore the translocation mechanism of PM in the olfactory system. We found that PM can be internalized into the OSNs via vesicle transportation. This process responds only to the water-insoluble compositions of PM (WIS-PM) and cannot be affected by the water-soluble compositions of PM (WS-PM). PM can further disrupt the integrity of the barrier constituted by the OSNs, and WS-PM plays a heightened role in inducing the damages. Our results suggested that both cellular and paracellular pathways are possibly involved in the translocation of PM in the olfactory system. More advanced microscopy techniques need to be developed to explore the whole translocation process in the olfactory-brain pathway in both and models.
颗粒物（PM）的神经毒性风险受到全球关注，但其进入中枢神经系统的途径仍存在争议。嗅觉通路为进入大脑提供了一条有前景的捷径，它绕过了PM的血脑屏障。然而，缺乏直接证据，且转运机制仍不清楚。本研究以原代小鼠嗅觉感觉神经元（OSN）为模型，探讨PM在嗅觉系统中的转运机制。我们发现PM可通过囊泡运输内化到OSN中。这一过程仅对PM的水不溶性成分（WIS-PM）有反应，不受PM的水溶性成分（WS-PM）影响。PM可进一步破坏由OSN构成的屏障的完整性，且WS-PM在诱导损伤方面起增强作用。我们的结果表明，细胞途径和细胞旁途径可能都参与了PM在嗅觉系统中的转运。需要开发更先进的显微镜技术来探索体内和体外模型中嗅觉-脑途径的整个转运过程。
