A study of SGLT2 inhibitors on levels of plasma atherogenesis biomarkers in diabetes.

BACKGROUND

Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder with microvascular and macrovascular complications. Metabolites of hyperglycemia mediates endothelial injury resulting in cascade of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis sets up plaque in vessel wall and obliterates the vascular lumen which results in stroke, myocardial infarction, and peripheral vascular disease. Biomarkers like IL-6, hsCRP, fibrinogen are correlated with cardiovascular disease. In our study, we use non-invasive tool to predict the CVD risk like atherogenic index of plasma, Triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride glucose index.

METHODS

This is a prospective observational study on type 2 diabetes patients on SGLT2 inhibitors attending medicine departments. Data was collected on disease duration, anthropometry, fasting and post prandial glucose, HbA1C, lipid profile at initial visit and after 6 months. Atherosclerosis indices were compared accordingly.

RESULTS

Among 300 patients enrolled, mean age was 44±6.41 yrs. Triglycerides was 143±4.6mg/dl, after 6 months was123±6.1 with significance(p<0.01). Low-density Lipoprotein(LDL) was 116 ±12.5mg/dL and after 6 months was 123±17which was significant(p<0.01). High-density Lipoprotein (HDL) at baseline was 37.9±2.6 mg/dL,at 6 months 49±3.6 with significance (p<0.01). Atherogenic index of plasma, baseline was 0.227±0.03, at 6 months was 0.040±0.040 with significance(p<0.01). Triglyceride glucose index(TyG), baseline was 5±0.05 and 6 months was 4.8±0.04 with significance(p<0.01). Triglyceride to HDL(TG: HDL), baseline was 3.7±0.2 and at 6 months was 2.56±0.2 with significance (p<0.01).

CONCLUSION

From our study, we observed that SGLT2 inhibitor shows significant improvement in glycemic profile in addition to lipid profile. SGLT2 inhibitor lowered atherogenic indices.