Zhong Shilin, Yang Bingcai, Liu Yuzhen, Dai Wenkui, Li Guanglei, Yang Juan, Yang Ao, Wang Ying, Wang Min, Xu Chang, Deng Yuqing
Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Dec 11;15:1467414. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1467414. eCollection 2024.
Gut microbiota (GM) has been implicated in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), yet longitudinal changes across trimesters remain insufficiently explored.
This nested cohort study aimed to investigate GM alterations before 24 weeks of gestation and their association with GDM. Ninety-three Chinese participants provided fecal samples during the first and second trimesters. Based on oral glucose tolerance tests, 11 participants were classified as GDM, and 82 as non-diabetic (ND). Using 16S rRNA sequencing, we analyzed both cross-sectional and longitudinal differences in GM structure between those two groups.
In the first trimester, GDM group exhibited lower levels of and compared to ND group ( < 0.05). In the second trimester, GDM individuals showed increased abundance of and , and genera including and , while and others decreased (0.05). Inflammation-associated genera like and increased, while decreased in overweight or obese GDM women, which was not identified in normal-weight women. The ratios of relative abundance of genera , , and exceeded 1.5 in the GDM group, particularly in overweight or obese individuals. Inflammatory pathways related to African trypanosomiasis and infection were predicted to be up-regulated in overweight or obese GDM individuals but not in normal-weight GDM women.
This study suggests that GM of women with GDM undergoes significant alterations between the first and second trimesters, potentially linked to inflammation, with more pronounced changes observed in overweight or obese individuals.
肠道微生物群（GM）与妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）有关，但孕期各阶段的纵向变化仍未得到充分研究。
这项嵌套队列研究旨在调查妊娠24周前肠道微生物群的变化及其与妊娠期糖尿病的关联。93名中国参与者在孕早期和孕中期提供了粪便样本。根据口服葡萄糖耐量试验，11名参与者被归类为妊娠期糖尿病患者，82名被归类为非糖尿病（ND）患者。我们使用16S rRNA测序分析了两组之间肠道微生物群结构的横断面和纵向差异。
在孕早期，妊娠期糖尿病组的[具体菌属未明确]和[具体菌属未明确]水平低于非糖尿病组（P<0.05）。在孕中期，妊娠期糖尿病患者的[具体菌属未明确]和[具体菌属未明确]以及包括[具体菌属未明确]和[具体菌属未明确]在内的菌属丰度增加，而[具体菌属未明确]和其他菌属减少（P<0.05）。超重或肥胖的妊娠期糖尿病女性中，与炎症相关的菌属如[具体菌属未明确]和[具体菌属未明确]增加，而[具体菌属未明确]减少，正常体重女性中未发现这种情况。妊娠期糖尿病组中[具体菌属未明确]、[具体菌属未明确]和[具体菌属未明确]的相对丰度比值超过1.5，在超重或肥胖个体中尤为明显。预计超重或肥胖的妊娠期糖尿病个体中与非洲锥虫病和[具体感染未明确]感染相关的炎症途径上调，而正常体重的妊娠期糖尿病女性中未上调。
本研究表明，妊娠期糖尿病女性的肠道微生物群在孕早期和孕中期之间发生了显著变化，可能与炎症有关，超重或肥胖个体的变化更为明显。
