Post Eric G, Rivera Matthew J, Robison Hannah J, Rauh Mitchell J, McGuine Timothy A, Simon Janet E
Department of Applied Medicine and Rehabilitation, Indiana State University, Terre Haute.
Community Health Network-Sports Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.
J Athl Train. 2024 Dec 1;59(12):1213-1218. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0066.24.
Research that has examined the association between specialization and injury in basketball has been limited to cross-sectional or retrospective studies.
To determine whether specialization is a risk factor for injury among high school basketball athletes.
Prospective cohort study.
Basketball players from 12 high schools participating in the National Athletic Treatment, Injury, and Outcomes Network Surveillance Program (NATION-SP) were recruited before the 2022-2023 interscholastic basketball season.
One-hundred thirty athletes (mean age ± SD = 15.6 ± 1.3; girls' basketball: n = 68 [52.3%]).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Before the start of the school basketball season, participants completed a questionnaire that had questions regarding participation in various specialized sport behaviors. During the basketball season, the school's athletic trainer reported all athlete-exposures and injuries (regardless of time loss) for participating athletes into NATION-SP. Injury incidence and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% CIs were calculated for the specialized sport behaviors previously described.
No difference in injury risk between highly specialized and low specialized athletes was found (IRR [95% CI] = 1.9 [0.9, 3.7]). Players who participated in basketball year round were twice as likely to sustain an injury than those who did not play year round (IRR [95% CI] = 2.1 [1.1, 3.6]). Similarly, players who reported participating in basketball skills camps were at increased risk of injury compared with athletes who did not participate in basketball skill camps (IRR [95% CI] = 2.5 [1.2, 5.7]).
Injury risk related to sport specialization in basketball may be specific to certain behaviors such as year-round play and participation in skills camps. Validated measures of comprehensive sport activity are needed to better measure specialization in youth sports to better determine injury risk related to sport specialization and develop injury prevention programs for basketball athletes.
研究篮球运动专项化与受伤之间关联的研究仅限于横断面研究或回顾性研究。
确定专项化是否为高中篮球运动员受伤的风险因素。
前瞻性队列研究。
在2022 - 2023学年校际篮球赛季开始前，招募了来自12所高中的篮球运动员，这些学校参与了国家运动治疗、损伤与结果网络监测项目（NATION - SP）。
130名运动员（平均年龄±标准差 = 15.6±1.3；女子篮球：n = 68 [52.3%]）。
在校篮球赛季开始前，参与者完成一份问卷，其中包含关于参与各种专项运动行为的问题。在篮球赛季期间，学校的运动训练师将参与运动员的所有运动员暴露情况和损伤（无论是否导致失能时间）上报至NATION - SP。计算先前描述的专项运动行为的损伤发生率和发生率比（IRR）以及95%置信区间。
高度专项化和低度专项化运动员之间的受伤风险没有差异（IRR [95%置信区间] = 1.9 [0.9, 3.7]）。全年参加篮球运动的运动员受伤的可能性是不全年参加的运动员的两倍（IRR [95%置信区间] = 2.1 [1.1, 3.6]）。同样，与未参加篮球技能训练营的运动员相比，报告参加篮球技能训练营的运动员受伤风险增加（IRR [95%置信区间] = 2.5 [1.2, 5.7]）。
篮球运动专项化相关的受伤风险可能特定于某些行为，如全年参与和参加技能训练营。需要有效的综合体育活动测量方法，以更好地衡量青少年体育中的专项化，从而更好地确定与运动专项化相关的受伤风险，并为篮球运动员制定预防损伤计划。
