Alshahrani Abrar Fahad, Ashfaq Fauzia, Alsayegh Abdulrahman A, Bajahzer Mohammed, Khan Mohammad Idreesh, Beg Mirza Masroor Ali
Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, P.O. Box 6666 Saudi Arabia.
World J Clin Cases. 2024 Dec 26;12(36):6916-6925. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i36.6916.
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are frequent co-occurring disorders that affect regular metabolic functions. Obesity has also been linked to an increased risk of developing diabetes. Obesity and diabetes are on the rise, increasing healthcare costs and raising mortality rates. Research has revealed that the expression profile of microRNAs (miRNAs) changes as diabetes progresses. Furthermore, vitamin D may have an anti-obesity effect and inverse association with body weight and body mass index (BMI). Low vitamin D levels do not solely cause obesity, which could be a factor in the etiology of T2DM.
To evaluate miRNA-200a and miRNA-200b expression, and vitamin-D levels in obese and obese T2DM individuals.
This study included 210 participants, of which, 82 were obese (BMI > 30 kg/m) without T2DM, 28 were obese with T2DM, and 100 were healthy controls. BMI was evaluated and both fasting and postprandial blood glucose were used to confirm T2DM. Exosomal miRNA-200a and miRNA-200b expression were analyzed using real-time PCR using Taqman probes, and vitamin-D levels were evaluated using an electrochemiluminescence-based immunoassay technique. All data analyses were performed using SPSS 20.0 and GraphPad Prism 5 software.
Overall, a 2.20- and 4.40-fold increase in miRNA-200a and miRNA-200b expression was observed among participants compared to healthy controls. MiRNA-200a and miRNA-200b expression among obese participants increased 2.40-fold and 3.93-fold, respectively, while in obese T2DM participants these values were 2.67-fold, and 5.78-fold, respectively, and these differences were found to be statistically significant ( = 0.02) ( < 0.0001). Obese participants showed a vitamin D level of 34.27 ng/mL, while in obese-T2DM participants vitamin D level was 22.21 ng/mL ( < 0.0001). Vitamin D was negatively correlated with miRNA-200a ( = -0.22, = 0.01) and miRNA-200b ( = -0.19, = 0.04). MiRNA-200a sensitivity was 75%, and specificity was 57%, with a cutoff value of 2.07-fold. MiRNA-200b sensitivity was 75%, and specificity was 71% with a cutoff value of 4.12-fold, suggesting that miRNA-200a and miRNA-200b with an increased expression of 2.07- and 4.12-fold could be predictive indicators for the risk of diabetes in obese participants.
MiRNA-200a and miRNA-200b were higher in diabetic obese participants non-diabetic obese participants, and insufficient vitamin D levels in obese T2DM participants may be involved in poor clinical outcome.
肥胖症和2型糖尿病（T2DM）是经常共同出现的疾病，会影响正常的代谢功能。肥胖症还与患糖尿病风险增加有关。肥胖症和糖尿病的发病率正在上升，增加了医疗成本并提高了死亡率。研究表明，随着糖尿病的进展，微小RNA（miRNA）的表达谱会发生变化。此外，维生素D可能具有抗肥胖作用，且与体重和体重指数（BMI）呈负相关。低维生素D水平并非肥胖症的唯一成因，而肥胖症可能是T2DM病因中的一个因素。
评估肥胖症患者和肥胖型T2DM患者中miRNA-200a和miRNA-200b的表达以及维生素D水平。
本研究纳入210名参与者，其中82名是无T2DM的肥胖者（BMI>30kg/m），28名是患有T2DM的肥胖者，100名是健康对照者。评估BMI，并使用空腹和餐后血糖来确诊T2DM。使用Taqman探针通过实时聚合酶链反应分析外泌体miRNA-200a和miRNA-200b的表达，并使用基于电化学发光的免疫测定技术评估维生素D水平。所有数据分析均使用SPSS 20.0和GraphPad Prism 5软件进行。
总体而言，与健康对照者相比，参与者中miRNA-200a和miRNA-200b的表达分别增加了2.20倍和4.40倍。肥胖参与者中miRNA-200a和miRNA-200b的表达分别增加了2.40倍和3.93倍，而在肥胖型T2DM参与者中，这些值分别为2.67倍和5.78倍，且发现这些差异具有统计学意义（P = 0.02）（P<0.0001）。肥胖参与者的维生素D水平为34.27ng/mL，而肥胖型T2DM参与者的维生素D水平为22.21ng/mL（P<0.0001）。维生素D与miRNA-200a（r = -0.22，P = 0.01）和miRNA-200b（r = -0.19，P = 0.04）呈负相关。MiRNA-200a的灵敏度为75%，特异性为57%，临界值为2.07倍。MiRNA-200b的灵敏度为75%，特异性为71%，临界值为4.12倍，这表明miRNA-200a和miRNA-200b表达分别增加2.07倍和4.12倍可能是肥胖参与者患糖尿病风险的预测指标。
糖尿病肥胖参与者中的miRNA-200a和miRNA-200b高于非糖尿病肥胖参与者，肥胖型T2DM参与者中维生素D水平不足可能与不良临床结局有关。
