Prada Alexandra Maria, Potra Cicalău Georgiana Ioana, Ciavoi Gabriela
Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
Dent J (Basel). 2024 Nov 22;12(12):375. doi: 10.3390/dj12120375.
White spot lesions (WSLs) are demineralized lesions of the enamel that form in the presence of bacterial plaque, affecting the aesthetics by modifying the refractive index of the enamel, giving the characteristic "chalky" aspect. They have various causes, including fixed orthodontic treatments, improper hygiene, fluorosis and genetic factors.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Considering the latest need for dental aesthetics and the popularization of fixed orthodontic treatments, the need to effectively treat WSLs has increased. The objective of this research is to review the development of WSLs and their treatment with resin infiltration.
The PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant reviews and studies. Out of all, 56 were included in this research.
Prophylactic measures, such as fluorized toothpaste and varnishes, have limited results. Standard caries treatment is too invasive as it removes too much healthy enamel for obturation retentivity. The resin infiltration resin process does not require drilling or tooth structure loss, making it a painless and minimally invasive treatment. The resin used has a refractive index comparable to that of healthy enamel, consequently restoring aesthetics and ensuring the prevention of caries evolvement. The treatment involves five important steps: prophylaxis, acid demineralization, alcohol drying, resin infiltration and UV light curing. Depending on the clinical case, the demineralization and drying steps may need to be repeated.
Infiltrations with resin are painless and well tolerated by patients. Out of all minimally invasive treatments, they have an immediate satisfactory outcome, with results stable for a minimum of 45 months.
白斑病变（WSLs）是牙釉质的脱矿病变，在菌斑存在的情况下形成，通过改变牙釉质的折射率影响美观，呈现出特征性的“白垩”外观。它们有多种成因，包括固定正畸治疗、卫生习惯不良、氟斑牙和遗传因素。
背景/目的：考虑到对牙齿美观的最新需求以及固定正畸治疗的普及，有效治疗白斑病变的需求增加。本研究的目的是综述白斑病变的发展及其树脂渗透治疗方法。
在PubMed、科学网、Scopus和谷歌学术数据库中搜索相关综述和研究。其中，56项被纳入本研究。
预防性措施，如含氟牙膏和含氟涂料，效果有限。标准的龋齿治疗侵入性过大，因为为了充填固位需要去除过多健康牙釉质。树脂渗透过程不需要钻孔或损失牙体结构，使其成为一种无痛且微创的治疗方法。所使用的树脂折射率与健康牙釉质相当，因此恢复了美观并确保预防龋齿进展。该治疗包括五个重要步骤：预防、酸脱矿、酒精干燥、树脂渗透和紫外线固化。根据临床情况，脱矿和干燥步骤可能需要重复。
树脂渗透治疗无痛且患者耐受性良好。在所有微创治疗中，它们能立即取得令人满意的效果，结果至少稳定45个月。
