Dimeas Ilias E, Kotsiou Ourania S, Salgkami Polyxeni, Poulakida Irene, Boutlas Stylianos, Daniil Zoe, Papadamou Georgia, Gourgoulianis Konstantinos I
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece.
Laboratory of Human Pathophysiology, Department of Nursing, University of Thessaly, Gaiopolis, 41110 Larissa, Greece.
J Pers Med. 2024 Nov 22;14(12):1116. doi: 10.3390/jpm14121116.
Pertussis remains a significant public health concern despite effective vaccines due to diagnostic challenges and symptom overlap with other respiratory infections. This study assesses the prevalence of using advanced polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing and examines the clinical outcomes over a one-month follow-up. We conducted a cross-sectional study at the University Hospital of Larissa, Greece, from April to June 2024, collecting 532 nasopharyngeal swabs from patients with respiratory symptoms. Diagnostic testing utilized the BioFire Respiratory 2.1 Plus Panel. Demographics, clinical presentations, vaccination histories, and clinical outcomes were systematically recorded and analyzed. Of 532 patients, 47 (8.8%) were diagnosed with pertussis. The mean age was 61.87 ± 13.4 years; 57.4% were female. Only 12.8% had contact with known pertussis patients. Regarding vaccination history, 36.2% had received diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines, with the last dose administered an average of 46 years prior to this study. The primary symptom was cough (100%), with additional symptoms including fever (36.2%) and paroxysmal cough (34%). Six patients (12.8%) required hospitalization due to pneumonia and severe respiratory failure. All patients received successful treatment; however, 23.4% reported persistent post-infectious cough at the one-month follow-up. PCR testing significantly improved the diagnosis of pertussis among adults presenting with respiratory symptoms. The findings highlight the need for updated vaccination strategies and improved diagnostic protocols to effectively manage pertussis and reduce its public health impact.
尽管有有效的疫苗，但由于诊断挑战以及与其他呼吸道感染的症状重叠，百日咳仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题。本研究评估了使用先进聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测的患病率，并在为期一个月的随访中检查了临床结果。我们于2024年4月至6月在希腊拉里萨大学医院进行了一项横断面研究，收集了532例有呼吸道症状患者的鼻咽拭子。诊断检测采用了BioFire Respiratory 2.1 Plus Panel。系统记录并分析了人口统计学、临床表现、疫苗接种史和临床结果。在532例患者中，47例（8.8%）被诊断为百日咳。平均年龄为61.87±13.4岁；57.4%为女性。只有12.8%的患者与已知的百日咳患者有接触。关于疫苗接种史，36.2%的患者接种过白喉、破伤风和百日咳疫苗，最后一剂疫苗接种时间平均在此研究前46年。主要症状为咳嗽（100%），其他症状包括发热（36.2%）和阵发性咳嗽（34%）。6例患者（12.8%）因肺炎和严重呼吸衰竭需要住院治疗。所有患者均获得成功治疗；然而，在为期一个月的随访中，23.4%的患者报告有感染后持续性咳嗽。PCR检测显著改善了有呼吸道症状成人百日咳的诊断。研究结果强调需要更新疫苗接种策略和改进诊断方案，以有效管理百日咳并减少其对公共卫生的影响。
