Sycińska-Dziarnowska Magdalena, Ziąbka Magdalena, Cholewa-Kowalska Katarzyna, Spagnuolo Gianrico, Park Hyo-Sang, Lindauer Steven J, Woźniak Krzysztof
Department of Maxillofacial Orthopaedics and Orthodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powst. Wlkp. 72, 70111 Szczecin, Poland.
Department of Ceramics and Refractories, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30059 Krakow, Poland.
J Funct Biomater. 2024 Dec 9;15(12):371. doi: 10.3390/jfb15120371.
Bacterial infections are a common cause of clinical complications associated with the use of orthodontic microimplants. Biofilm formation on their surfaces and subsequent infection of peri-implant tissues can result in either exfoliation or surgical removal of these medical devices. In order to improve the properties of microimplants, hybrid coatings enriched with silver nanoparticles, calcium, and phosphorus were investigated. The present study aimed to assess the microstructure of commercially available microimplants composed of a medical TiAlV (Ti6Al4V) alloy covered with organic-inorganic layers obtained by the sol-gel method using the dip-coating technique. The microstructures and elemental surface compositions of the sterile, etched, and layer-modified microimplants were characterized by scanning electron microscopy with X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Elements such as silver (Ag), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), silicon (Si), oxygen (O), and carbon (C) were detected on the microimplant's surface layer. The SEM observations revealed that control microimplants (unetched) had smooth surfaces with only manufacturing-related embossing, while etching in hydrofluoric acid increased the surface roughness and introduced fluoride onto the microimplants. Layers with only silver nanoparticles reduced the roughness of the implant surface, and no extrusion was observed, while increased roughness and emerging porosity were observed when the layers were enriched with calcium and phosphorus. The highest roughness was observed in the microimplants etched with AgNPs and CaP, while the AgNPs-only layer showed a reduction in the roughness average parameter due to lower porosity. Enhancing the effectiveness of microimplants can be achieved by applying selective surface treatments to different parts. By keeping the outer tissue contact area smooth while making the bone contact area rough to promote stronger integration with bone tissue, the overall performance of the implants can be significantly improved.
细菌感染是正畸微型种植体使用过程中临床并发症的常见原因。其表面生物膜的形成以及随后种植体周围组织的感染，可能导致这些医疗器械脱落或手术移除。为了改善微型种植体的性能，研究了富含银纳米颗粒、钙和磷的混合涂层。本研究旨在评估市售微型种植体的微观结构，该种植体由医用TiAlV（Ti6Al4V）合金组成，表面覆盖有通过浸涂技术采用溶胶 - 凝胶法获得的有机 - 无机层。通过扫描电子显微镜结合X射线能量色散光谱（SEM - EDS）对无菌、蚀刻和层改性微型种植体的微观结构和元素表面组成进行了表征。在微型种植体的表面层检测到银（Ag）、钙（Ca）、磷（P）、硅（Si）、氧（O）和碳（C）等元素。SEM观察表明，对照微型种植体（未蚀刻）表面光滑，仅有与制造相关的压纹，而在氢氟酸中蚀刻会增加表面粗糙度并使微型种植体引入氟化物。仅含银纳米颗粒的层降低了种植体表面的粗糙度，未观察到挤出现象，而当层中富含钙和磷时，观察到粗糙度增加和出现孔隙。在用AgNPs和CaP蚀刻的微型种植体中观察到最高粗糙度，而仅含AgNPs的层由于孔隙率较低，粗糙度平均参数降低。通过对不同部位进行选择性表面处理可以提高微型种植体的有效性。通过保持外部组织接触区域光滑，同时使骨接触区域粗糙以促进与骨组织更强的整合，可以显著提高种植体的整体性能。
