Caneparo Christophe, Carignan Laurence, Lonina Elena, Goulet Sarah-Maude, Pellerin Felix-Antoine, Chabaud Stéphane, Bordeleau François, Bolduc Stéphane, Pelletier Martin
Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
Oncology Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center and Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.
J Xenobiot. 2024 Dec 2;14(4):1849-1888. doi: 10.3390/jox14040099.
Over the last decades, the human species has seen an increase in the incidence of pathologies linked to the genitourinary tract. Observations in animals have allowed us to link these increases, at least in part, to changes in the environment and, in particular, to an increasing presence of endocrine disruptors. These can be physical agents, such as light or heat; natural products, such as phytoestrogens; or chemicals produced by humans. Endocrine disruptors may interfere with the signaling pathways mediated by the endocrine system, particularly those linked to sex hormones. These factors and their general effects are presented before focusing on the male and female genitourinary tracts by describing their anatomy, development, and pathologies, including bladder and prostate cancer.
在过去几十年里，人类与泌尿生殖道相关的疾病发病率有所上升。对动物的观察使我们能够将这些增加至少部分地与环境变化联系起来，特别是与内分泌干扰物的日益增多联系起来。这些干扰物可以是物理因素，如光或热；天然产物，如植物雌激素；或人类产生的化学物质。内分泌干扰物可能会干扰由内分泌系统介导的信号通路，特别是那些与性激素相关的信号通路。在通过描述男性和女性泌尿生殖道的解剖结构、发育过程和疾病（包括膀胱癌和前列腺癌）来重点关注它们之前，先介绍这些因素及其一般影响。
