Szentirmay Apolka, Molnár Zsófia, Plank Patrik, Mézes Miklós, Sajgó Attila, Martonos Attila, Buzder Tímea, Sipos Miklós, Hruby Lili, Szőke Zsuzsanna, Sára Levente
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary.
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Agribiotechnology and Precision Breeding for Food Security National Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
Toxins (Basel). 2024 Nov 25;16(12):509. doi: 10.3390/toxins16120509.
The effect of mycotoxin exposure on follicular fluid composition and reproductive outcomes in women undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF) was investigated in this study. Twenty-five patients were included, and follicular fluid and serum samples were analysed for various mycotoxins. Principal observations:1. Mycotoxin presence: All examined mycotoxins were detected in follicular fluid. Follicular fluid (ff) levels: Deoxynivalenol (DON), alfa-Zearalenol (α-ZOL), Zearalenone (ZEN), and total aflatoxin (AFs) were significantly higher in follicular fluid than in serum. 2. Follicular fluid and reproductive outcomes: A positive correlation was observed between the ratio of oocytes to total follicles and the follicular Fumonisin B1 (FB1) levels. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between DON and T-2/HT-2 toxins (T2/HT2) levels in the follicular fluid. 3. Hormone levels: Follicular 17-beta estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels were higher than the serum levels. Follicular P4 correlated with serum P4 and Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels. In contrast, follicular E2 did not correlate with plasma E2 levels. 4. Mycotoxin-hormone interactions: A positive correlation was observed between follicular P4 and T2/HT2 toxin levels, whereas a negative correlation was found between ffE2 and ffT2/HT2, and a positive correlation was found between ZEN and E2. Conclusion: This study elucidated the presence of various mycotoxins in the follicular fluid and their potential influence on reproductive outcomes. Further research is warranted to clarify the specific mechanisms underlying these effects and develop strategies for detecting mycotoxin exposure in women undergoing IVF.
本研究调查了霉菌毒素暴露对接受体外受精（IVF）的女性卵泡液成分和生殖结局的影响。纳入了25名患者，并对卵泡液和血清样本进行了多种霉菌毒素分析。主要观察结果：1. 霉菌毒素的存在：在卵泡液中检测到了所有检测的霉菌毒素。卵泡液水平：脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）、α-玉米赤霉烯醇（α-ZOL）、玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）和总黄曲霉毒素（AFs）在卵泡液中的水平显著高于血清。2. 卵泡液与生殖结局：卵母细胞与总卵泡的比例与卵泡中伏马菌素B1（FB1）水平之间存在正相关。多元线性回归分析显示卵泡液中DON与T-2/HT-2毒素（T2/HT2）水平之间存在显著关系。3. 激素水平：卵泡17-β雌二醇（E2）和孕酮（P4）水平高于血清水平。卵泡P4与血清P4和抗苗勒管激素（AMH）水平相关。相比之下，卵泡E2与血浆E2水平不相关。4. 霉菌毒素-激素相互作用：卵泡P4与T2/HT2毒素水平之间存在正相关，而卵泡E2与卵泡T2/HT2之间存在负相关，ZEN与E2之间存在正相关。结论：本研究阐明了卵泡液中各种霉菌毒素的存在及其对生殖结局的潜在影响。有必要进一步研究以阐明这些影响的具体机制，并制定检测接受IVF的女性霉菌毒素暴露的策略。
