Kamala K A, Sankethguddad S
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. School of Dental Sciences, KIMSDU, Karad, Pin code -415110, District- Satara, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Periodontology, HKDET'S Dental College, Hospital and Reaserch Institute, Humnadad, Karnataka, India.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2024 Dec 1;25(12):4129-4136. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.12.4129.
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder (PMD) characterized by a high rate of malignant transformation (MT). OSMF exhibits atrophic epithelium yet has a high proliferation rate. Both p53 and Ki67 are nuclear proteins associated with cell proliferation, detectable in the early stages of oral cancer (OC). This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of p53 and Ki67 immuno-expression as tools for predicting malignant transformation in OSMF cases. The objective was to correlate the expression of p53 and Ki67 with demographic and chewing habits data.
The study group consisted of 60 histopathologically diagnosed cases of OSMF, 60 cases of OC as positive controls, and 60 cases of NOM as negative controls. Immunohistochemistry was performed on neutral-buffered formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 3 μm thickness, using ready-to-use anti-human p53 protein (clone DO-7) and monoclonal antibody for Ki67 antigen (clone MIB-1). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 21, employing the chi-square test (p < 0.05).
The expression of p53 and Ki67 was significantly higher in OSMF samples compared to NOM samples, but lower than in OC samples. When the expression levels of both p53 and Ki67 were correlated with demographic and chewing habits data, the results were statistically significant.
The overexpression of p53 and Ki67 may contribute to the progression of MT in OSM. Early detection of these biomarkers is crucial for preventing MT, which also helps reduce the morbidity and mortality of OC. Therefore, both p53 and Ki67 can serve as predictive biomarkers for the early detection of MT in high-risk OSMF patients.
口腔黏膜下纤维化（OSMF）是一种潜在恶性疾病（PMD），其特征为高恶性转化（MT）率。OSMF表现为萎缩性上皮，但增殖率高。p53和Ki67都是与细胞增殖相关的核蛋白，在口腔癌（OC）早期即可检测到。本研究旨在分析p53和Ki67免疫表达作为预测OSMF病例恶性转化工具的有效性。目的是将p53和Ki67的表达与人口统计学和咀嚼习惯数据相关联。
研究组由60例经组织病理学诊断的OSMF病例、60例OC病例作为阳性对照以及60例正常口腔黏膜（NOM）病例作为阴性对照组成。对厚度为3μm的中性缓冲福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋组织切片进行免疫组织化学检测，使用即用型抗人p53蛋白（克隆号DO-7）和Ki67抗原单克隆抗体（克隆号MIB-1）。使用SPSS 21软件进行统计分析，采用卡方检验（p<0.05）。
与NOM样本相比，OSMF样本中p53和Ki67的表达显著更高，但低于OC样本。当p53和Ki67的表达水平与人口统计学和咀嚼习惯数据相关联时，结果具有统计学意义。
p53和Ki67的过表达可能有助于OSMF中MT的进展。早期检测这些生物标志物对于预防MT至关重要，这也有助于降低OC的发病率和死亡率。因此，p53和Ki67均可作为高危OSMF患者早期检测MT的预测生物标志物。
